Formation of the earth, Solar system

Question 1

Accretionary disk

Answer 1

An accretion is a structure (often a circumstellar disk) formed by diffuse material in orbital motion around massive central body. The central body typically a star.

Question 2

Formation of the moon

Answer 2

The giant impact hypothesis, sometimes called the big splash, or this impact suggests that the moon formed out of debris left over from a collision between earth and an astronomical body the size of mars, approximately 4.5 billion years ago, in the Haden’s eon.

Question 3

Late heavy bombardment

Answer 3

The late heavy bombardment (abbreviated LHB and also known as the lunar cataclysm) is an event thought to have occurred approximately 4.1 to 3.8 billion years ago, at the time corresponding to the neonates. And and Eoarchean eras on earth

Question 4

Differentiation (due to temperature/density)

Answer 4

In planetary science, planetary differentiation is the process of separating out different constituents of a planetary body as a consequence of their physical or chemical behavior. Where the body develops into compositionally distinct layers; the denser materials sink to the center while the less dense materials rose to the surface, generally in a magma ocean. Such a process tends to create a core and a mantle.

Question 5

Refractory

Answer 5

In planetary science, any material that has a relatively high equilibrium condensation temperature is called refractory

Question 6

Volatile

Answer 6

In planetary science. Volatiles are the group of chemical elements and chemical compounds with low boiling points that are associated with a planet’s or moon’s crust or atmosphere.

Examples: nitrogen, water, carbon dioxide,
Ammonia, hydrogen, methane and sulfur dioxide

Question 7

Siderophiles

Answer 7

Iron loving

Question 8

Lithophiles

Answer 8

Rockloving

Question 9

Crater distribution and surface age

Answer 9

Scientist record the doze and number of impact craters — and his eroded they are - to determine the ages and histories of different planetary surfaces. Therefore older surfaces have more impact craters.

Question 10

Magnetic field

Answer 10

Earth’s magnetic field , also known as the geomagnetic field, is the magnetic field that extends from earths interior out into, space where it interacts with solar winds.

It Is generated by electric currents due to the motion of convection currents of molten iron in the earths outer core: these convection currents are caused by heat escaping the core, a natural process called geodynamo.

Question 11

Dipole:

Answer 11

A magnetic dipole is the limit of either a closed loop of electric current or a pair of poles as the dimensions of the source are reduced to zero while keeping the magnetic moment constant.

While the north and south magnetic poles are usually located near geographic poles, they slowly and continuously move over geological time scales

Question 12

Reversals

Answer 12

At Irregular intervals averaging several hundred thousand years, the earths field reverses and the north and south magnetic poles abruptly switch places.
These reversals leave a record in the rocks that are of value to paleomagnetists in calculating geomagnetic fields in the past.