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NORTH AMERICA > Formation of te United States and evolution of USA pt 2 > Flashcards

Formation of te United States and evolution of USA pt 2 Flashcards

1
Q

who colonized north America

A

The British

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2
Q

What was found when the British arrived and how they are known?

A

Native American people, American Indian, Amerindian, Amerind, Indian, Aboriginal American, First Nartion person.

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3
Q

Which things did the Europeans didn’t find?

A

No classical-style civilizations, monumental architecture, gunpowder, metalcore, or domestic animals.

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4
Q

Mention some northwest indigenous tribes

A

Navajo Tribe, Apache Tribe,Lumbee Tribe, Blackfeet Tribe, Chipewa Tribe, etc.

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5
Q

Characteristics of Native Tribes

A
  • West Coast Indians: fishing, gathering, and hunting sea mammals.
  • Planes Native Americans: buffalo hunting and confederacies.
    *Religion: polytheist, ceremonies
    *Property: Common resource to use
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6
Q

How was the Native American class distinction?

A

MATRILINEAL SYSTEM
1.- Rulers and Families
2.- Warriors and Clerics
3.- Rest of the society

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7
Q

How was the Natives American social organization?

A

1.- Bands and Clands: 20 - 40 people
2.- Tribes: several bands
3.- Chiefdoms: 100 - 300 people
4.- States: Thousands of people

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8
Q

How were the Indians treated?

A

As slaves

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9
Q

Who was one of the most important people before and after the arrival of the Europeans to America?

A

The Iroquois Confederancy

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10
Q

Name the Characteristics of the Iroquois Confederancy…

A
  • Made up of 5 groups who shared geographic location, culture, and costumes.
  • They promoted the peaceful coexistence between the region’s tribes.
  • Key in the settle of the settlement until the Revolutionary War.
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11
Q

What are Indian Reservations?

A

Territories located in the US and Canada which are under the sovereignty of the American Tribes

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12
Q

In which year were established the Thirteen Colonies

A

between 1607 and 1732

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13
Q

Purposes of the Thirteen Colonies

A

1.- Religion freedom
2.- Business purposes
3.- socioeconomic reassons

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14
Q

What religions were implemented during the thirteenth colonies?

A

Puritism, Calvinism, and others

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15
Q

How was called North America during the 13 colonies?

A

New England

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16
Q

Name of one of the most important leaders of the independence movement?

A

Benjamin Franklin - member of the freemansory

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17
Q

In which year does the war begun between Britain and France?

A

1764 for the control of north America

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18
Q

What were the acts that happened from 1764 to 1767

A

-1765 the stampt act
-1767 the The Townshend Revenue act

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19
Q

What was the colonisits reactions to the taxation policy?

A

The tax policy was no legitimate because they had no representation in Parliment.
- The colonies should pay for the cost of the defense and protection in the war against France

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20
Q

From whom is the phrase: “Taxation without representation is tyranny”

A

-James Otis

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21
Q

Which program was created in 1774 to resolve the war peacefully?

A

Continental Congress by Bnejamin Franklyn

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22
Q

Year of the declaration of independence of the US?

A

1776

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23
Q

Fundamental reasons of the declaration of the independence

A
  • The British government had denied the colonists the traditional rights of the English.
  • The Crown had violated the “natural rights” of the colonists: the right to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.
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24
Q

What happened with the 13 colonies after the independence?

A
  • now called states
  • Creation of the articles of Confederation in 1777 -> basis of the government of the USA for 7 years
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25
Q

Considered the Father of nation?

A
  • George Washington (1st president)
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26
Q

Events for the end of Colonists-UK relationships

A

*The Declaration 1776
*Victory at Yorktown Virginia 1781
*Constitution of 1789
*War against GB of 1812

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27
Q

Reasons of the war between France and GB

A

*snow for sugar pact
-GB: Takes all of North America
-FR: take back the islands of the Antilles

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28
Q

What is the Stamp Act of 1765?

A

The tax on all printed materials

29
Q

What was the Boston Massacre in 1770?

A

protests by the colonisits because of the hike rate, this increased tension and ideals independence

30
Q

Tea Act of 1773…

A

*Last Act promulgated by the British towards the colonies
* Objective: to increase resoursces of fiscal contribution
*Create a monopoly for the British in the sale of tea
*this led to ilegal trade in tea

31
Q

What was the Continental Congress?

A
  • formed by the “sons of liberty” (founders of the USA)
    *when the negotiations did not work, the Continental Army was created.
  • The English were no longer fighting against other powers, but with their own colonies.
32
Q

With which treaty the war stopped

A

Treaty of Paris of 1783 signed by Great Britain and the United States - the independence of the 13 colonies were recognized

33
Q

After the war how many constitutions were written and what were its names?

A

-Massachusetts: separation of powers
-Pennsylvania: natural rights and human heart
-Georgia:It limits democratic procedures and with greater character

34
Q

characteristics of the 1787 constitution

A
  • Republican with constitutive authority
    *“we the people” sovereignty of the people
    *Constitutional supremacy without violating the sovereignty of the law
35
Q

2 American Political ideologies

A

1.- Nort: those who wanted a central power with a great capacity to govern
2.-South: those who wanted to maintain the autonomy of the states

36
Q

What were the first two partys?

A

1.- Federalyy Party: Geroge Washinton and Alexander Hamilton - creation of the first national bank
2.- Republican democratic party: made of low-income people, they didn’t want a monarchy on their system.

37
Q

3 diplomatics in the Republican Democratic Party

A

*Thomas Jefferson
*James Madison
*James Monroe

38
Q

Jeffersonian Period 1801-1809

A

*Credited for the Lousiana Purchase
*Commissioned Madison to negotiate with France, begining the westward expanssion -> economic freedom of the United States.

39
Q

What was the westward expanssion

A

Gold rush that attracted thousands of migrants from various regions. 1848-1855
* American Dream

40
Q

Democratic president who fought the last war with England in 1812?

A

James Madison 1809 - 1817

41
Q

One of the first female faces

A

Dorothea “Dolley”

42
Q

James Monroe 1817 - 1825

A

*Doctrine Monroe : warns European nations that the United States would not tolerate further colonization or puppet monarchs.

  • Best known US policy
43
Q

¿Who was the first person to use the term “Middle East” in international relations?

A

Alfred Thayer Mahan

44
Q

¿Who was the promoter of the Panama Canal, of the control of the Gulf of Mexico and Haiti?

A

Alfred Thayer Mahan

45
Q

What was the name of Theodor Roosevelt’s policy from 1901-1909? and what does it mean?

A

“The Big Stick” you have to walk slowly but with a big stick = secure your resurces

46
Q

Characteristics of Roosevelt’s presidency

A
  • Arbitration in 1906 with FR and ALEM for Morocco
  • Immigration Law prohibited entry to Japanese
  • Consolidation of Panama as a Country.
  • Financial panic of 1907 by the stock market.
47
Q

Who was the next president after Roosevelt?

A

William Howard Traft from 1909 - 1913

48
Q

what were the policies implemented by Traft? and what were they about?

A
  • “The open door” policy: maintain trade openness in the world
  • “Roosevelt Corollary”: initiate economic interventions in Latin America and Asia
  • Foreign policy “Dolar diplomacy” - to invest dollars in certain regions.
49
Q

Mention some racial segregation

A
  • 1882 Exclusion Act for Chinese Immigrants
  • 1907 Agreement with USA and Japan
  • Between 1880 an 1930 lynching of Mexicans.
50
Q

Who was the next president after Traft?

A

Woodrow Willson from 1913 - 1921

51
Q

Characteristics of Wodrow wilson

A
  • Nobel peace winner
  • Democrat
  • suggested the 14 points
52
Q

what influenced the Wilsonian Idealism?

A

The religious activity of Catholics and Protestants

53
Q

Explain the three stages of the Wilsonian Idealism.

A

1.- The interwar period: the beginning of the peace project -> failure
2.- Post-World War II: the creation of institutions such as the United Nations, President Truman, and the Threat of the Soviet Union.
3.- The Application of the Wilsonian Idealism: expanded liberal democracy as a form of government, presidents Clinton and Bush

54
Q

Causes of the Dissolution of the League of Nations

A
  • Rise of fascism and Stalinism
  • political realism real politik resurfaces
  • new dimension of Wilsonian Idealism: national and international level
  • WW2
55
Q

name of the president who’s policy was called “new deal”

A

Franklin Delano Roosvelt from 1933 - 1945

56
Q

Program wich targeted unemployed people, created in 1933

A
  • CCC -> Civilian Conservation Corps
57
Q

Expensive program which only lasted 1 year, from it’s creation in 1933 to 1934

A
  • CWA -> Civil Work Administration
58
Q

Program which is still in force, and used to address housing crisis

A
  • FHA -> Federal Housing Admnisitration.
59
Q

The program was created in 1939 to supervise different government entities, such as social security, federal education, funds, food, Drugs, and cosmetic art. It ended in 1953

A

-FSA - Federal Security Agency

60
Q

Program created in 1933 which prevented more people from losing their jobs, created delivery of new credits, and low interest rates.

A
  • HOLC - Home Owners’ Loan Corporation
61
Q

law declared unconstitutional against the separation of powers, and what was it’s purpose?

A

-NIRA : National Industry Recovery Act - serving the interests of the American working class and intervening in government affairs.

62
Q

What does PWA stand for and what was it?

A

Public Works Administration and it was a program that created economic stimulus and jobs during the Great Depression it also promoted the private industry, and it ended in 1941

63
Q

Program which currently manages pensions and was created to combat poverty among elderly people and people with disabilities.

A

SSA - Social Security Act.

64
Q

Event in which the WW2 started

A
  • The nazi invasion of Poland in 1939
65
Q

When did the United States enter the war?

A

with the bombing of Pearl Harbor on Dec 7 in 1942 by the Japanese - USA declared war on Japan.

66
Q

What was the “home Front”

A

-Rationating
-Recycling
-Reducing
in order to help the people fighting for usa.

67
Q

Mention some results of the World War 2

A

-Victory for the US and its allies
-Biggest atomic attack in history
-Strengthened relations between US and Europe.
- new ideas of cooperation and common efforts

68
Q

Mention the 4 phases of the new world

A

1.- Initial phase: Truman Doctrine, Marshall Plan, Nato, containment theory.
2.- second phase: proxy wras (korean war), arms and space race (nuclear weapons), Cubam Missile Crisis.
3.- Third phase “distension”: relaxation in international relations (avoid self destruction, realpolitik, national interest at all costs), Vietnam conflict and Afghanistan conflict.
4.- Final phase “The 80’s”: Ronald Reagan takes office, and promotion of the new neoliberal model (Margaret Tatcher Prime minister of the UK, Trade opening), Fall of communism (disintegration of the USSR, reunification of Germany)

69
Q

The phrase “The threat of a world war is no more” by Mikhail Gorbachev marked the end of which event?

A

The end of the Cold War and the USSR.

NORTH AMERICA (6 decks)

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