Formation of Ions Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the ions?

A

Ions are charged particle - they can be single atoms or group of atoms.

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2
Q

When are ions made?

A

Ions are made when electrons are transferred.

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3
Q

What are atoms trying to do when they lose or gain electrons?

A

When atoms lose o gain electrons to form ions, all they are trying to do is get a full outer shell like a noble gas (also called “stable electronic structure”). Atoms with full outer shell are very stable.

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4
Q

What happens when metal form ions?

A

When metals form ions, they lose electrons from their outer shell to form positive ions.

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5
Q

What happens when non-metals form ions?

A

When non-metals form ions, they gain electrons into their outer shell to form negative ions.

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6
Q

What are the number of electrons lost or gained? Give an example.

A

The number of electrons lost or gained is the same as the charge on the ion. E.g. If 2 electrons are lost the charge is 2+. If 3 electrons are gained the charge is 3-.

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7
Q

What groups in the periodic table are most likely to form ions? Explain why.

A

Groups 1 & 2 and 6 & 7 are the most likely to form ions.
The group 1 and 2 elements are metal and they lose electrons to form positive ions (cations).
Group 6 and 7 elements are non-metals. They gain electrons to form negative ions (anions).

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8
Q

What does form ions with the same charge means?

A

Elements in the same group all have the same number of outer electrons. So they have to lose or gain the same number to get a full outer shell.

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9
Q

Describe the ions that the different groups form at the periodic table.

A

Group 1 elements: form 1+ ions.
Group 2 elements: form 2+ ions.
Group 6 elements: form 2- ions.
Group 7 elements: form 1- ions.

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