Formation, Breach & Remedies of Contracts and Delict Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a contract?

A

A valid (not void/voidable) legally binding agreement.

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2
Q

Explain an offer, acceptence and termination

A

Offer
- Unilateral/ Bilateral
- Not an invitation to treat
- Made with intention
Termination
- Rejection
- Death
- Frustration

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3
Q

What are the principles behind intention to contract

A
  • Parties to have mental attitude
  • Made in honor is voidable
  • In commercial: There’s intention
  • In domestic: No intention
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4
Q

Meaning and exceptions behind privity of a contract?

A

Meaning: Contract only applicable to those party to it.
Exceptions:
- life insurance(Dependents)
- Agents by law(Principle[law] Agent[guardians] 3rd Party[minor]
- Cession(fiduciary)

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5
Q

Meaning of terms in contracts and their classfications?

A

Meaning: Governs the relationship between parties.
1) Material: essential to the contract
2) Immaterial: non-substantial
3) Express: specific term in writing (working hours)
4) Implied: words therefore unwritten but
expected

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6
Q

Meaning and rules of exemption clauses?

A

Meaning: Exclused a party from the liabilities of breaching a contract even when it’s their fault.

Rules:
1) Must be lawful
2) Be integrated into the contract
3) Accepted and signed by both parties.

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7
Q

What is a breach on Contract?

A

Failure to discharge a part/ entire obligation set by the contract.

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8
Q

Types of breaches?

A

1) Actual- When time has arrived but no performance
2) Anticipatory- Time is close but a party implies unwillingness to render performance

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9
Q

Remedies to breaches?

A

1) Specific Performance.
Rules:
- Be possible
- Not be of personal service
- Be enforceable
- Not harm the public
2) Damages.
Types:
- Liquidated(part of contract)
- Punitive(awarded by courts)
- Interdict
- Special(out of pocket)

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10
Q

How does a contract end?

A

1) Discharge: Performance is completed

2) Termination:
- Breach
- Insolvency
- Death
- Frustration
- Prescription(expiry of time)

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11
Q

What is a delict?

A

Unlawful act that causes harm to a person

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12
Q

Elements of delict include

A

1) Unlawful conduct
3) Fault(intentional or negligence)
4) Causation(direct, indirect, foreseeable/not remote)
5) Harm/Damage/Loss(injury, damage, economic loss & defamation)

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13
Q

What is the delict of negligence and the implications of the defendent’s conduct?

A

Meaning: Failure to take due care under the circumstances.
Conduct:
1) Foresore it
2) Did they try lessen harm?
3) Conduct of claiment

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14
Q

What influence does the conduct of the claiment have on the determination?

A

1) Voluntary assumption of risk(Volenti non)
2) Harm speaks for itself(Res Ipsa)
3) Contributory
4) Nours actus interveniens(Another act that makes the og act worse)

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