Formality

Question 1

Obfuscating + manipulating (double speak)

Answer 1

• “We thank the ACCC for their compensation in reaching this outcome which means we can compensate affected customers much sooner…” - Quantas for compensation for ghost flights.
• “Artisan loaf” - instead of break in Baker’s delight ad.

Question 2

Modal verbs

Answer 2

“You may start” - at beginning = low modality.
“Pens down” - absence of modal verb = bald on record.

Question 3

Non-discriminatory lexemes

Answer 3

• “A healthy expression of moral concern” - Noam Chomsky
• “Nothing is taboo for all people, under all circumstances, for all the time” - Kate Burridge

Question 4

Jargon

Answer 4

• “Facilitates communication” - Kate Burridge
• “Not just to label new + needed concepts, but to establish bonds between members of the in-group and enforce boundaries for outsiders” - Ilana Mushin
• “Youth jargon is in constant flux” - Mark McCrindle

Question 5

Euphemisms

Answer 5

• “Linguisti dressing. Decorative, flavour enhancing, concealing” - Kate Burridge
• “Human device to conceal the horrors of reality” - Paul Johnson.