Formal Exam Flashcards
1
Q
Stimulants increase the effects of _________ in the brain
A
Catecholamines
2
Q
Catecholamines are…
A
Neurotransmitters (adrenaline, noradrenaline and dopamine)
3
Q
S6. category
A
Stimulants
4
Q
S6. stimulant examples
A
- amphetamines
- cocaine
- strychnine
- caffeine
5
Q
Amphetamines ___ the release of catecholamines
A
increase
6
Q
Cocaine ___ the action of catecholamines
A
prolong
7
Q
Sports where amphetamines have evidence to improve performance
A
- throwing events (accuracy)
- sprints (increase force production)
- endurance (managing mental fatigue)
8
Q
Strychnine is…
A
a plant extract/stimulant
9
Q
Caffeine limit in urine was reduced to
A
12 mcg/mL
10
Q
Caffeine in sports events are…
A
- removed from banned list in 2004
- still on the monitoring list
11
Q
Way was caffeine dropped from banned list?
A
- too widely used
- too problematic to police
- urine levels are an unreliable indicator of inappropriate use
12
Q
Variables of caffeine effects on athletes (3)
A
- body size
- metabolic rate
- hydration status
13
Q
Main effects of stimulants
A
- increased mental activity
- elevate mood
- increase muscle force
- suppress appetite
14
Q
Side effects and risks of stimulants
A
- exaggerated sympathetic effects (SNS); increase HR, BP
- headache
- tremor
- increased sweating/heat illnesses
15
Q
Common amphetamines
A
- cathine
- modafil (clinically used - stroke/fatgue - ecstasy
- ritalin (used for ADHD)
