Form and structure Chapter 3 Flashcards
What is volume?
refers to the 3-d extent of an object or region of space.
What is considered to be “a volume”?
A volume is bound by places and has 3 dimensions of width, height, and depth.
A frontal view that shows only width and height can make an image appear what?
It will make an image appear flat
How many sides of an object should be shown to reveal the dimension of depth and clarify its form?
Turning the view to show 3 adjacent sides of the object reveals the dimension of depth
What two things does Analytical drawing merge?
the description of outer surfaces of an object and the orientation of its inner structural nature
What is the difference between contour drawing and analytical drawing?
Contour drawing= moving from part to part
Analytical drawing= moving from the whole to subordinate parts and finally the details.
How to prevent a piecemeal approach? What can result from a piecemeal approach?
By adding subordinating parts and details to the structure of the overall form, a piecemeal approach is prevented. Th piecemeal approach can result in disproportionate relationships and a lack of unity.
When doing framework, your box should be opaque or transparent? How many sides of the object should the box touch?
When doing framework, Imagine a transparent box whose sides touch the front, back, top, bottom, and both sides of an object.
What is the first step in creating an analytical drawing?
Using light, freely drawn lines, block out a transparent volumetric framework for a form.
What do regulating lines do?
Regulating lines order relationships and control the placement, size, and proportion of the fundamental parts of a form.
WHY do we use regulating lines when blocking out enveloping shapes and volume of an object?
We use regulating lines, to locate points, measure size and distance, find centers, express perpendicular and tangential relationships and establish alignments offsets.
Are regulating lines limited by the physical boundaries of objects?
No.
What happens when you concentrate too much on the surface and not the interior or “volume” ?
It will give the appearance of flatness
Drawing both unseen and visible parts helps to do what?
Drawing both unseen and visible parts of the subject makes it easier to gauge angles, control proportions, and see the optical appearance of shapes.
When do we especially build up the Final contour or object lines?
at critical points of intersection, connection, and transition.
In the final drawing, how do we reveal the constructive process?
By making sure that all lines (approximate and regulating lines) remain visible.
Should you draw lines by pulling or pushing? From what direction to the next do we move?
You should always draw lines by pulling, never pushing. Move from left to right and top to bottom.
Should you focus on where the line has been or should you focus on where the line is going?
You should be looking at the exact point that the line is going to stop.
What is proportion?
It is the harmonious relation of one part to another or to the whole with respect to magnitude, quantity or degree.
What is ratio?
it is the relationship between any two parts of a whole, or between any part and the whole.
When gauging proportion, the apparent size of an object is influenced by what?
The apparent size of an object is influenced by the relative size of other objects.
When gauging proportion, How should we deal with the form of volumes?
When dealing with the form of volumes, we must be concerned with proportion in three dimensions.
When gauging proportion, what is one way to remind yourself of the proper ratios?
By verbalizing the proportions as you draw.
When gauging proportion, always fix your shape to fit the sheet of paper on which you are drawing. True or False?
False. Do not fix the shape to correspond to the shape of the format or the sheet of paper upon which you are drawing.
When drawing complex shapes, what should you look for?
When drawing complex shapes, look for shapes you understand. e.g. squares
subtle changes in proportion will not effect the aesthetic quality of an image. True or False?
False. Subtle changes in proportion will immensely affect the aesthetic quality of an image.
If the diagonals of two rectangles are either parallel or perpendicular to one another, what does that indicate?
It indicates that the two shapes have similar proportions.
How can we draw what we see more easily?
By breaking down what we see into regular geometric volumes or a geometric arrangement of parts.
What three dimensional unit can be used to derive other basic geometric volumes such as the pyramid, cylinder, and cone?
The cube
To be able to better manipulate it, transform it, or see it from a different point of view, what should we know about a form?
It is important to know the volumetric nature of a form to be better able to manipulate it, transform it, or see it from a different point of view.
What is the additive method?
Essentially, it means working from nothing and adding to it.
This method starts out using a geometric figure(s) and keeps adding geometric figures until the entire object is mapped out (which then allows you to go in and add the final contour and other details). What method is this?
The additive Method
What is the subtractive Method?
starts out with material and is carved out to create the piece.
This method starts out with a geometric figure(s) and then uses contour lines to carve out the subject inside, similar to how a sculptor would project a mental image onto a block of stone and then carve away until the image is realized. What method is this?
The subtractive Method
When can we use both the additive and subtractive method?
When drawing a complex organization of forms
When drawing complex forms, what should you pay close attention to?
You should pay close attention to overlapping forms and negative spaces in the drawing.
When drawing complex forms, How do you distinguish overlapping forms?
With slightly pressured lines
When drawing complex forms, how do you treat minor details in relation to the overall form?
Treat minor details with less importance in relation to the overall form.
When drawing complex forms, why would you use scattered lines?
to indicate transitional surfaces of curved forms
Why would we use cross sectional contours in drawing complex forms?
to help develop the form of complicated shapes. These imaginary lines strengthen the 3-d effect of the drawing and show the volume of the object.
