Foriegn Policy 1890-1905

Question 1

Monroe doctrine

Answer 1

Not going to get involved in foreign affairs unless it had a direct effect on America

Question 2

Westward expansion

Answer 2

A lot of the empires were concerned with getting more land however America didn’t need to expand as they were going to unite the American land to meet their economic needs

Question 3

Social Darwinism

Answer 3

They saw places like Hawaii and they saw the monarchy in need of ameirca thus they used this as an excuse to get involved

Question 4

Trade dynamic with Hawaii

Answer 4

They Hawaii economy became completely dependent on America thus if America pulled out then the economy would collapse hence should dependence

Question 5

Puerto rico

Answer 5

During the Spanish US war it was invaded by the US and was administered by the US after 1900 following the organic act (Puerto will basically be a state but America will not have control of it)

Question 6

1901 platt amendment

Answer 6

Gave the US rights of the foreign commercial rights of Cuba (no longer preclusive imperialism and is now about economic growth)

Question 7

1901-1906 Roosevelt

Answer 7

‘Speak softly but carry a big stick’, he fought in the Spanish war in the Calvary

Question 8

Hawaii

Answer 8

1898 USA annex Hawaii - gd stop-off on way to Japan/China; US missionaries had settled there. Since 1875 US imported Hawaiian sugar duty free - H dependent on US economy. 1890s 3,000 US sugar
growers (90k Hawaiians).
1887 - est. naval base at Pearl Harbor. 1890 McKinley Tariff (raised duties in general by c.50%) but removed duties on sugar - H lost trading advantage and
suffered from competition e.g. Cuba. 1891
H king died and new queen led a rebellion - US residents called for help. 3 days the rebels surrendered -> plan to annex H (happened in 1898 - other nations had
opposed)

Question 9

Puerto Rico

Answer 9

Spanish colony but semi-independent before Sp-US War.
1898 invaded by US troops, So surrendered and withdrew.
Organic Act 1900 - Puerto Rico to be administered by USA

Question 10

Philippines

Answer 10

1898 Treaty of Paris (ended Sp-US War) allowed USA to purchase the Philippines from
Spain for $20m. Did it because: -USA could civilise the islanders with
Christianity -Preclusive Imperialism - fear it would be taken by GB, Ger or Jap -Did not want to return islands to Sp and Filipinos seemed incapable of self-rule despite wanting independence - strong opposition (also within USA) 4yr war costing c.$600m. by
1904 126,000 US troops stationed in Philippines.

Question 11

Samoa

Answer 11

1872 king of Samoa offered the USA a naval base. US refused but was wary of growing Get (trading post)and GB interests in the area. Samoa had a civil war 1898 - US & GB supported opposite side to the Gers. 1899 the 3 powers abolished the Samoan monarchy and signed Tripartite Convention: GB relinquish rights to Samoa (in return for other Pacific Islands from Ger), US est. protectorate in E. Samoa, W. Samoa becomes Ger
colony.