Forestry Resource Flashcards
Tell me about human disturbance/fragmentation in the forestry industry
We harvest less than 1% of Canada’s total forest per year, 90% through clearcutting. So really harvesting shouldn’t threat Forestry sustainability. The annual harvest is only 44% of the annual growth.
Tell me about how they do clearcutting
To remove most of the trees and leave patches and buffers intact. They do this to resemble natural disturbances like Fire wind flood. Continues clearcutting is banned in many provinces. This is controlled by the provinces not the federal government.
How do energy and mineral exploration effect the forest
Flaralin Gaswell sites use about 2 1/2 acres. They have to clear the Soil and no reforestation as required. It’s just left after the well is done because it’s cheaper to just keep the lease then reclaim the land. Most obvious and northern an.
How do seismic lines, pipelines, hydroelectric development effect forests
Seismic lines – 20 to 30 feet wide, around 50,000 km approved annually. Again have to clear soil. Regeneration is not required. Pipelines – hundred and 52 250 feet wide. Clear Sowell. No reforestation allowed. I.e. Northern Gateway pipeline, 1200 km long to BC coast. Hydroelectric – flooding causes soil erosion and forest clearing.
What are some natural stresses on the boreal forest
Burns – 3 million hectors lost from fires in 2010. This is a fairly significant carbon Source in the past years. Annual Total area burned by wildfires has increased substantially.
Insect damage – 15 million hectors affected by insects in 2009. Unprecedented insect outbreaks.
What is Forest tenure
The rules and conditions about how forests resources are used and managed. Most of our unmanaged land is under some form of Forest tenure.
What is Forest tenure like in Canada
93% is publicly owned. Most of which by the provincial or territorial governments(~80%). Provinces and territories have authority over Forest harvesting and management. Federal government is responsible for stuff related to the national economy and trade and average Molands or national parks. Other countries like Finland and Sweden have more privately owned land.
How do we manage forests in Saskatchewan
A – forest resource management act, requires a state of the forest Report every 10 years.
B- Forest accord, based on the state of the forest report they set out basic principles and policies and goals for management
C – integrated land-use plans., Determine most appropriate mix of land uses Determined by stakeholders and local forest managers
D – Forest management agreements, a formal agreement between harvest company and minister about licenses and permits and stuff. 20 year agreement. E-forestry management plan , Prepare a 20 year plan that’s renewed every 10 years and the subject feedback and monitoring.
What is community forestry
When the local population participates in planning and managing and harvesting of forest. Also receive economic benefits. Dear free from government and other outside control. I.e. Northwest communities timber in Saskatchewan. Phone by the seven Métis communities.
With regards to forest management practices tell me about the annual allowable cut
The amount of timber that is permitted to be cut annually from a specific area. Established by the province. It should reflect the long-run sustainable yield (How much a piece of land should yield in the future). Knowledge of the cumulation age (The economic maturity of the forest stand, getting the most value out of the timber) Is required.
What is the fall down effect
A reduction in the annual allowable cut as old-growth forests are harvested. This is because the second cut doesn’t have the same volume as the first cut so the AAC has to be decreased. Old forests have higher quantity and quality of wood.
What is a sustained yield and what is the example of it
When the amount of material harvested over a long period of time has no apparent negative effects on the system. Example is south of Vancouver Island. There’s more timber than there was in 1938 2 million board feet has been extracted.
According to the Canadian Council of Forest ministers what are their six criteria (Also there are 46 indicators) For sustainable forests
One – biological diversity. Ie An indicator would be the status of forest associated species that are at risk. We would make recovery Policies and practices. Two – ecosystem condition and productivity. Ie An indicator would be the additions and deletions of forest area.
Three – soil and water. Ie Cutting a tree is like mining because The nutrients from the soil are in the tree.
Four – role in global ecological cycles. Ie. Carbon sequestration.
Five – economic and social benefits. Ie You don’t want the money to leave the area, you want to stay in the community.
Six – societies responsibility. Ie We need to be responsible for future generations but also provide society with what it needs.
What are Canada’s national Forest objective
Hey – have ecosystem-based management with integrated land-use and planning. B – have more sustainable forest communities with public participation insured benefits. See – more aboriginal peoples rights and participation. D – Forrest product benefits. E – knowledge and innovation, Trained managers and more awareness. At – more urban forests. G – more private wood lots. H – more reporting and accountability.
