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Envirothon Forestry > Forestry > Flashcards

Forestry Flashcards

1
Q

What is the economic impact of forestry in Florida

A

$16.6 billion, 133000 jobs, and 5000 everyday items

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2
Q

What is Forestry

A

The science, art, and practice of managing and using trees, forests, and their associated resources for human benefit

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3
Q

Original acreage of forests in Florida

A

28 million out of 35.7 million

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4
Q

What was the most common tree in Florida originally

A

The longleaf pine

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5
Q

What tree had a 90 million acreage ecosystem that spread from Virginia to East Texas

A

The longleaf pine

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6
Q

What were floridas forests used for during the American Revolutionary War?

A

Pine pitch and lumber sent to England

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7
Q

What are naval stores

A

Pine pitch used after the 1870s to seal wooden ships hull seams, waterproof cloth and rope, make glues and varnishes, and seal clay pots

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8
Q

What was Florida biggest industry in 1900s

A

Naval stores

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9
Q

What happened to lumber production after 1930?

A

It dwindled due to overharvesting of virgin timber by “cut out and get out” practices

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10
Q

Acreage of pine forests from 1870 and 1937

A

19.2 million acres of pine forest in 1870 diminished to 7.5 million acres in 1937 due to unsustainable cut out and get out tactic

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11
Q

When was the Florida Forest Service established?

A

In 1927 to reestablish forests across the states

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12
Q

Who is the “Father of Southern Forestry” ?

A

Austin Cary

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13
Q

What industry replaced the pine pitch, and what effects did it have?

A

Cellulose from pulpwood replaced pitch pine, thus loblolly pines were being planted instead of longleaf pines, as they grew quickly

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14
Q

Growth of timber volume per acreage compared to 1952

A

30% more timber volume per acre now than there was in 1952

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15
Q

How many seedlings does Florida replant every year?

A

135 million

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16
Q

Types of forest communities in Florida

A

Hardwoods, mixed hardwoods and pines, pine lands, Sandhills, cypress, and nonforested areas

17
Q

What do hardwood forests consist of

A

Oaks, hickories, sweetgums, dogwoods, et.c. Could be hardwood swamps with titi, tupelo, bays, maples, ash, hollies, and other moisture loving trees

18
Q

What does the pineland community consist of?

A

Flat wood, slash loblolly, and longleaf pines

19
Q

What do the Sandhills consist of?

A

Pine and oak scrub communities

20
Q

Cypress communities

A

Wet, swampy areas or areas along rivers/creeks. Bald cypress grow along moving waterways, pond cypress grows in pockets of low topography, usually form a group of trees in a shape known as a dome

21
Q

Succession

A

The process by which communities change over time

22
Q

Community that depends on an outside factor such as shade, fire, soil moisture, predators, and human influences

A

Sub-climax community

23
Q

Community that is stable without outside factors

A

Climax community

24
Q

What is the bacteria that is necessary for most plants for soil and water absorption?

A

Mychorrizae

25
Q

What is taproot

A

Main support root for trees, penetrates deep into soil

26
Q

What are feeder roots

A

Also known as surface or lateral roots, grow laterally just below surface and absorb most of nutrients and moisture

27
Q

What is the xylem?

A

Woody portion of the tree that contains the sapwood and heartwood

28
Q

What is sapwood?

A

Living outer portion of xylem that takes water and nutrients up from the roots to the leaves

29
Q

What is heartwood

A

Old, dead sapwood that serves as a support for the tree and a waste repository

30
Q

What are annual rings

A

Rings that are added yearly in the xylem. Consists of early wood and latewood

31
Q

What is earlywood

A

The light portion of an annual ring that is less dense

32
Q

What is latewood

A

The dark portion of an annual ring that is more dense

33
Q

What does the vascular cambium do?

A

Has cells that divide in the xylem to grow diameter

34
Q

What is the green substance in leaves and what does it do

A

Chlorophyll, makes photosynthesis possible

35
Q

What are stomata

A

Openings in the leaf that release most of the water the leaves take up

36
Q

What is evapotranspiration

A

The cooling effect of stomata releasing water from the lead

37
Q

What is phloem

A

A narrow band of spongy tissue just inside the bark that takes food from leaves generated by photosynthesis and brigs it to the rest of the tree. Vascular cambium cells also responsible for addition of new phloem tissue

38
Q

What is girdling

A

When a trees phloem is severed around the tree, and the roots in turn do not get enough nutrients

39
Q

What is the cork cambium

A

Thing that is responsible for producing dead cells that make up bark of the tree

Envirothon Forestry (1 decks)

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