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Intro to Forestry > Forestry > Flashcards

Forestry Flashcards

1
Q

Forestry

A

The science, art and practice of managing the natural resources that occur on and in association with forest land for human benefit

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2
Q

Forest

A

A biological community of plants with trees being a predominant part of the ecosystem. Composed of living and non-living organisms in the ecosystem

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3
Q

Tree

A

A woody perennial plant, usually with a single main stem (trunk), with a height of 20 or more feet at maturity

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4
Q

Forester

A

A resource manager responsible for all the goods, benefits and services obtainable from the forest land

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5
Q

T/F: A tree is the tallest living organism

A

True

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5
Q

T/F: A tree is the second and third most massive living organism in the world

A

True

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6
Q

T/F: A tree is NOT the oldest living organism

A

False; they are!

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7
Q

What are the 4 major crown functions for trees?

A
  1. Photosynthesis
  2. Movement of materials up & down
  3. Storage
  4. Regeneration
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7
Q

T/F: 4% of the forest is considered as old growth (aka never been harvested) in WI

A

True!

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8
Q

Major carbohydrate uses in a tree

A
  1. Cellular energy
  2. Growth/structure
  3. Nutrient absorption
  4. Reproduction
  5. Defense/protection
  6. Storage/savings
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9
Q

What are the 3 major trunk functions?

A
  1. Supports the crown
  2. Helps move materials up and down
  3. Storage
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10
Q

Northern Wisconsin has c____r trees whereas Southern Wisconsin has d_______s trees

A
  1. Conifer
  2. Decidious
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11
Q

FIB: Lots of trees have migrated from ___ ____ ____

A

The Great Plains

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12
Q

T/F: Different types of trees do not have different types of pollen

A

False!

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13
Q

MR: The first trees that came in from The Great Plains were _____ ______.

A

Spruce trees

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14
Q

What type of trees were able to float downstream to sawmills back in the day?

A

White pine trees

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15
Q

T/F: Forests tend to struggle to regenerate after being manipulated for agricultural uses

A

True

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16
Q

Who was the first historical forester in Wisconsin?

A

Ian Griffith

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17
Q

The CCC Pine Plantation program from the US government was implemented for what purpose?

A

For conservation efforts after WW1 ended (CCC started in 1933 and went till 1942)

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18
Q

T/F: Some forest plantations are used for biomass purposes

A

True

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19
Q

What is early succession?

A

When a habitat develops quickly after a disturbance

20
Q

What are the 3 main types of woody plants?

A
  1. Liana
  2. Shrub
  3. Tree
21
Q

What drives the a vast majority of tree growth?

A

Snow

22
Q

Conifer trees are an example of (decurrent/excurrent) trees?

A

Excurrent

23
Q

Flower-bearing trees are examples of (decurrent/excurrent) trees?

A

Decurrent

24
Q

Do excurrent trees snuff off snow?

A

Yes, the branches are designed to hold the weight of the snow until its too heavy in which the branch will “jump up” releasing snow

25
Q

T/F: Decurrent tree types lose their leaves in the fall

A

True

26
Q

Why do excurrent trees keep their leaves?

A

To save energy by not reproducing new leaves

27
Q

T/F: Decurrent trees cannot photosynthesize due to the presence of water storage, leaves and needles

A

False; they can!

28
Q

What are the 4 main functions of stems?

A
  1. Nutrient transportation
  2. Provides structure
  3. Protection from herbivores
  4. Storage of water & waste
29
Q

A leaf is not a leaf without an _______ ___.

A

Auxiliary bud

30
Q

What are 3 types of protective structures?

A
  1. Spine (modified parts of a leaf)
  2. Prickles (found on roses)
  3. Thorn (a modified twig)
31
Q

What are the 4 functions of roots?

A
  1. Anchorage
  2. Nutrients (water, uptake)
  3. Communication
  4. Storage
32
Q

Based on the different types of stem tissue within trees, what stem tissue could you remove that would kill the tree?

A

Phloem

33
Q

In the spring, xylem pores get (bigger/smaller) while in the summer they get (bigger/smaller) based on water needs

A
  1. Bigger
  2. Smaller
34
Q

What is density?

A

The weight per unit volume

35
Q

Low density is (lighter/heavier) whereas high density is (lighter/heavier)

A

Lighter, heavier

36
Q

What is durability?

A

The ability to withstand decay

37
Q

Tannins and _____ repel decay

A

Oils

38
Q

What are the 4 common types of leaf arrangements?

A
  1. Alternate
  2. Opposite
  3. Whorled
  4. Spiraled
39
Q

What is the main function of leaves?

A

Photosynthesis

40
Q

FIB: Leaf color changes due to the breakdown of _________?

A

Chlorophyll

41
Q

What are 8 global drivers of distribution?

A
  1. Soil
  2. Topography
  3. Elevation
  4. Aspect (direction)
  5. Slope (steepness)
  6. Disturbance
  7. Competition (invasive species)
  8. Humans (development)
42
Q

What are disturbances?

A

Any event that disrupts the ecosystem, community, population structure, etc

43
Q

Major disturbance factors include:

A

Fire, wind, flooding

44
Q

Minor disturbance factors include:

A

Funguses, diseases, insects, lightning, wind

45
Q

What are stand-replacing fires?

A

A major disturbance type that replaces dead trees

46
Q

What are stand-maintaining fires?

A

A minor disturbance type that only takes out some trees while leaving some behind

47
Q

The Disturbance Regime consists of 4 major types:

A
  1. Frequency
  2. Intensity
  3. Spatial scale (area)
  4. Disturbance type (natural/anthropogenic)
48
Q

What are the 4 natural upper midwest disturbances?

A
  1. Wind (tornadoes)
  2. Fire (lightning)
  3. Flooding
  4. Insects
49
Q

Fire suppression is bad because…

A

It will lead to more underbrush/density which can lead to stand-replacing fires

50
Q
A

Intro to Forestry (1 decks)

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