Forester Licensure Examination 2014 Forest Ecosystem Flashcards
Which of the following soil type has the highest water holding capacity?
a. Humus
b. Clay
c. Sand
d. Silt
b. Clay
Silvics is the study of life history and general characteristics of forest trees and stands with particular reference to environmental factors. Silviculture is the art of producing and tending a forest.
a. All statements a re false
b. All statements are true
c. The first statement is true, the second statement is false
d. The first statement is false, the second statement is true
b. All statements are true
Areas which assure the natural conditions to protect nationally significant species, group of species, and biotic communities are referred to as _______.
a. National park
b, Natural park
c. Wildlife sanctuary
d. Strict nature reserve
c. Wildlife sanctuary
Fireline refers to a strip of about 10 meters wide on which all inflammable vegetation is cleared before the dry season to reduce the fire hazard in plantations. On the other hand, firebreaks refer to vegetation of less flammable species with dense foliage, planted closely, around 20 meters wide, which provide protection to fire sensitive stands.
a. All statements a re false
b. All statements are true
c. The first statement is true, the second statement is false
d. The first statement is false, the second statement is true
b. All statements are true
In the forest, the ratio of apitong to guijo is 7:6 and the ratio of guijo to red lauan is 5:3. What is the ratio of apitong to red lauan?
a. 35:18
b. 7:3
c. 21:11
d. 6:5
a. 35:18
A species whose protection will also provide protection for other species, usually through habitat preservation.
a. Umbrella species
b. Keystone species
c. Indicator species
d. Flagship species
a. Umbrella species
It is the unit of vegetation which include not only the plants and animals therein but also all the physical and chemical components of the immediate environment or habitat.
a. Ecotourism area
b. Ecology
c. Bioregion
d. Ecosystem
d. Ecosystem
An assemblage of organism and the physical environment in which it exchanges energy and matter is known as ______.
a. Ecosystem
b. Niche
c. Biome
d. Habitat
a. Ecosystem
The water input to the Earth’s surface is known as ______.
a. Percolation
b. Evaporation
c. Transpiration
d. Precipitation
d. Precipitation
What combination of silvicultural prescriptions are needed for rouging in seed production areas?
I. Crop trees should be released to full sunlight on at least three sides
II. Leave all trees with good phenotypes
III. Remove all trees of inferior phenotypes if there are intensive openings
IV. Remove some good phenotypes so that remaining ones receive enough light
a. I, II, and IV
b. I, II, and III
c. II, III, and IV
d. I, III, and IV
d. I, III, and IV
It allows living together of two or more organisms, benefitting one, harming none.
a. Ecosystem effect
b. Parasitism
c. Commensalism
d. Biotic relationship
c. Commensalism
Water in the biosphere moves in cycles. Arrange in order the following water movement to describe the water cycle with rain as the primary source of water.
I. Transpiration and evaporation
II. Precipitation
III. Infiltration
IV. Condensation
a. I, IV, II, & III
b. II, III, I, & IV
c. IV, II, III, & I
d. III, I, IV, & II
b. II, III, I, & IV
Agoho and Talisay are some of the important Philippine tree species producing dye. Agoho species ______ dye while talisay produces ______ dye.
a. brown - red
b. red - brown
c. brown - yellow
d. yellow -brown
d. yellow - brown
Nitrogen fixation is the microbial conversion of nitrogen to NH4 which can be readily utilized by plants. Nitrogen fixation maybe symbiotic or non-symbiotic.
a. Statement 1 is false; statement 2 is true
b. All statements are true
c. All statements are false
d. Statement 1 is true; statement 2 is false
b. All statements are true
This fungi was found to cause post emergence of damping off and stem rot in selected species.
a. Fusarium moniliforme
b. Penicillium sp.
c. Fusarium solani
d. Apergillus niger
c. Fusarium solani
Deforestation contribute to global warming because it increases ______ in the atmosphere.
a. Nitrous oxide
b. Chlorofluocarbons
c. Carbon dioxide
d. Methane
c. Carbon dioxide
A soil to be classified as clay, should have at least ______% of clay particles by weight.
a. 20
b. 10
c. 30
d. 40
c. 30
Phosphorous deficiency is manifested through purpling of the leaves and stunted growth. Phosphorous is prevalent in volcanic ash soils such as those around Taal Volcano.
a. All statements are false
b. The first statement is true; the second is false
c. The first statement is false; the second is true
d. All statements are true
d. All statements are true
What processes is employed to identify potential pests or pathogens and the likelihood of their presence in the area where the species will be planted?
a. Provenance trial
b. Biological risk assessment
c. Environmental impact assessment
d. Species trial
b. Biological risk assessment
Tropical soils are highly susceptible to physical degradation if they are exposed to the sun. The higher the rainfall, the more susceptible the soil to leaching.
a. Statement 1 is true, statement 2 is false
b. All statements are true
c. Statement 1 is false, statement 2 is true
d. All statements are false
b. All statements are true
The measure of the ability of a substance in the soil to transfer heat is referred to as ______.
a. Soil convection
b. Soil conductivity
c. Specific heat conductivity
d. Thermal conductivity
d. Thermal conductivity
The principle of natural selection was formulated by _______.
a. Gregor Johan Mendel
b. Robet Hooke
c. Linnaeus
d. Charles Darwin
d. Charles Darwin
This process involves the testing of isolated organisms by inoculation into healthy trees of the same species in the area or region where the organisms were isolated.
a. Serological method
b. Serological studies
c. Crafting studies
d. Pathogenecity test
d. Pathogenecity test
Which of the following is NOT considered as possible seed production area?
a. Area with trees which have large crown surface
b. Trees in the stand are already in their reproductive stage
c. Middle age stand
d. Trees in the stand are not yet in their reproductive stage
d. Trees in the stand are not yet in their reproductive stage
Which of the following are macronutrients needed for plant growth and development?
I. Magnesium
II. Iron
III. Calcium
a. I, II, & III
b. I & III
c. I, II, & III
d. I & II
d. I & III
Which of the following objectives refer to tree improvement?
I. Genetic improvement and cultivation of selected plants
II. Improvement of genetic base of species
III. Assurance of the availability of the materials needed
a. II and III
b. I and III
c. I, II, and III
d. I and II
c. I, II, and III
Which of the following is a characteristic of El Niño?
a. Brings about droughts and extreme dryness
b. Brings massive flooding
c. Brings heavy downpour
d. Triggers soil erosion
a. Brings about droughts and extreme dryness
What is that product arising as a result of the genotypical response of a population to a definite habitat?
a. Phenotype
b. Ecotype
c. Migrants
d. Genotype
b. Ecotype
Which is NOT characteristics of a genotype?
a. Character as we can see it.
b. An individual hereditary constitution without phenotypic expression
c. Determined chiefly from performance of progeny and other relatives
d. An individual hereditary constitution with phenotype expression.
a. Character as we can see it
Natura parks are relatively large areas no materially altered by human activity wherein extractive resources uses are not allowed. Such areas are maintained to protect the outstanding natural and scenic areas of national and international significance for scientific, educational, and recreational use.
a. Both statements are false
b. The first statement is true while the second statement is false
c. Both statements are true
d. The first statement is false while the second statement is true
c. Both statements are true
The variety of life on earth and ecological and evolutionary processes that sustain is referred to as ______.
a. Fauna
b. Flora
c. Species
d. Biological diversity
d. Biological diversity
Leaf blight is best descrived by which of the following symptoms?
I. Spotting
II. Sudden wilting
III. Death of leaves, flowers, or entire plant
a. I and III
b. I, II, and III
c. II and III
d. I and II
b. I, II, and III
Ecosystems are composed of biotic and abiotic elements. What are the functions of abiotic elements?
I. Involved in the energy absorption
II. Involved in the release of chemical substances.
III. Involved in forming communities
a. I, II, and III
b. I and II only
c. II and III only
d. I and III only
b. I and II only
Which of the following are preventive measures in regulating damping off disease?
I. Place seedlings in more than 50% shade
II. Avoid over crowding of seedlings
III. Use dried lead mold/litters or organic matter
a. I and II
b. I and III
c. II and III
d. I, II, and III
d. I, II, and III
The basic unit of organic entity-environment interaction resulting from the complex interplay of living and non-living elements of the temporal and spatial dimension is known as ______.
a. Biodiversity
b. Carbon cycle
c. Nitrogen cycle
d. Ecosystem
d. Ecosystem
In higher plants, this term refers to the irreversible increase in volume along particular axis.
a. Elongation
b. Assimilation
c. Root initiation
d. Differentiation
a. Elongation
The main advantage of establishing a plantation on a completely cleared and burned site is rapid development of the plantation. Why?
I. Little competition from seeds
II. Good supply of nutrient
III. Little water is evaporated
a. I, II, and III
b. I and II
c. II and III
d. I and III
b. I and II
It was reported by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) that out of the 11,046 endangered and extinct plant and animal species in 112 countries, about 8.44% are in the Philippines. What is the estimate in terms of number of species?
a. 932
b. 995
c. 994
d. 98
a. 932
The application of preventive and control techniques so that economic damage is avoided and adverse effects on the environment are minimized is known as ______.
a. Outbreak regulation
b. Forest entomology
c. Insect control
d. Pest management
d. Pest management
It is an event that occurs when discharge of stream overflows from a well-defined channel.
a. Flood
b. Typhoon
c. Landslide
d. Earthquake
a. Flood