Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Forensics > Forensics Unit 2 Exam > Flashcards

Forensics Unit 2 Exam Flashcards

1
Q

First Officer on the Scene

A

ADAPT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

First A in adapt

A

Assess the crime scene and assist the injured

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

D in adapt

A

Detain the witnesses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Second A in adapt

A

Arrest the perpreator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

P in adapt

A

Protect the Crime Scene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

T in adapt

A

Take notes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The Seven S’s

A

Secure the scene
Separate the witnesses
Scan the scene
See that photos are taken
Sketch the crime scene
Search for evidence
Secure the collected evidence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Secure the Crime Scene

A
  1. Look for signs of life
  2. Block off the scene (Only authorized personnel in) typically this is done with yellow police tape
  3. Bodies should be certified as “dead” by medical examiner
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Separate the Witnesses

A
  1. Do not allow witnesses to talk to each other
  2. Witness accounts will be compared
  3. Avoid witnesses work together to create a story
  4. Ask: Who, what, where
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Scan the scene

A
  1. Determine the primary and secondary scene
  2. Wear protective gear to protect against contamination of the crime scene
  3. The walk-through should be performed by the crime scene investigator, the first officer, and sometimes the detective
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Primary scene

A

Where the murder takes place

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Secondary scene

A

Where the body is discovered

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

See that photos are taken

A
  1. Show the scene exactly as it was when you first saw it
  2. If something was moved before you arrived don’t try to reconstruct the scene
  3. Include exterior of building, aerial photos, entry and exit doors, windows, panoramic of the scene and rooms, evidence photos
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Evidence photos

A

3 photos
1. Position and location relative to the entire scene
2. Close-up to record details of the object
3. Close-up with ruler to show size of item

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Sketch the crime scene

A

Rough sketch and final sketch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Rough sketch

A

A draft created at the crime scene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Final sketch

A

A precise rendering of the crime scene, drawn to scale, generally on the computer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Rough sketch should include…

A
  1. Legend: Date, time, location, names of investigators, suspects if there are any and victims
  2. Key: Evidence that is sketched should be numbered
  3. Important features like furniture, doors, and windows
  4. Accurate distance measurements
  5. A compass designating North
  6. Length and width of rooms
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Final sketch should include

A
  1. Do not include all measurements, should include length and width of rooms
  2. The other items should be drawn to scale
  3. Scale must be included
  4. Should be done on the computer or in ink
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Notes during crime scene processing

A
  1. Note-taking is a constant activity throughout the processing of the crime scene
  2. The notes should be done in chronological order
  3. No opinions, no analysis, and no conclusion JUST FACTS!
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Note-taking includes

A
  1. Detailed description of the scene
  2. Physical evidence: Location and description of the item, the time it was discovered, who discovered it, and how and by whom it was packaged and marked
  3. Who enters and exits the crime scene: Time of entry/time of exit
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Link Method

A
  1. No specific pattern
  2. Investigators make logic links between pieces of evidence
    Appropriate for
  3. Obvious clue trails
  4. Small or large areas
  5. Indoor or outdoor
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Line (Strip) Method

A
  1. The crime scene is divided into lines and there on searcher per lane
    Appropriate for
  2. Large outdoor scenes
  3. Search team is arranged at regular intervals
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Grid Method

A
  1. Searchers follow line method, then rearrange perpendicular to the original search
    Appropriate for
  2. Large outdoor scenes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Zone Method

A
  1. Divide the crime scene to be divided into quadrants/zones
    Appropriate for
  2. Areas with predefined zones such as houses or buildings
  3. Each search team is assigned a different zone
26
Q

Spiral method

A
  1. Search from the inside to the outside or the outside to the inside
    Appropriate for
  2. Best used when there are no physical barriers
27
Q

Physical evidence to collect

A
  • Possible weapons
  • Victims clothing
  • Fingernail scrapings
  • Head and pubic hairs
  • Blood
  • Swabs
  • Recovered bullets from the body
  • Hand swabs from shooting victims
28
Q

Packaging liquids

A
  1. Airtight, unbreakable containers
29
Q

Packaging wet items

A
  1. Dry out in breathable container
30
Q

Dry item

A
  1. Bindle
  2. Plastic or paper container
31
Q

The Golden Hour

A

The window of opportunity to collect time-sensitive information or evidence

32
Q

Why is evidence placed in separate containers?

A

To prevent cross contamination

33
Q

Trace evidence

A

Any type of evidence occurring in sizes so small that it can be transferred or exchanged between two surfaces without being noticed

34
Q

Ex. of trace evidence

A
  • Hair
  • Fibers
  • Bodily fluids
  • tiny bits of glass or other materials carried on clothing
  • Beneath fingernails
  • vacuum sweepings or trash
35
Q

Chain of custody

A
  • A list of all persons who came into possession of an item of evidence
  • Must be prevented with evidence in court
36
Q

Evidence with individual characteristics

A

Evidence that can be associated to a single unique source with an extremely high degree of probability

37
Q

Examples of individual evidence

A
  • The matching ridge characteristics of two fingerprints
  • Random striation marks on bullets
  • Wear patterns in footwear
  • Handwriting characteristics
  • Fitting together the irregular edges of an object in the manner of a jigsaw puzzle
38
Q

Evidence with class characteristics

A

Evidence associated only with a group

39
Q

Examples of class evidence

A
  • Blood type
  • Make/model of a car
  • Type of glass
  • Size of shoe
40
Q

Corroboration

A

As the number of different objects linking an individual to a crime scene increases, so does the likelihood of that individual’s involvement with the crime

41
Q

Reference/Standard/Known Samples

A

Collected from a known source (Blood or fingerprints) or a known source (drugs)

42
Q

Forceps

A

Used to pick up small items and small pieces of evidence

43
Q

Unbreakable plastic pill bottles

A

excellent containers for hair, glass, fibers, and various other small or trace evidence

44
Q

Manila envelopes
Screw-cap glass vials
cardboard pillboxes

A

Adequate containers for most trace evidence encountered at the crime scene

45
Q

Mailing envelopes

A

Should not be used as evidence containers because powders and fine particles will leak out of their corners

46
Q

Druggist fold

A

Small amounts of trace evidence can also be convenient for trace evidence

47
Q

Packaging blood stained materials

A
  • Must be stored in airtight containers to prevent mold from growing
  • Wrapping paper, manila envelopes, or paper bags
48
Q

Chain of custody instruct

A
  1. Evidence info: Case and item number, brief description
  2. Date and time of transfer
  3. The signature of the individual releasing and receiving the evidence
  4. Reason for the transfer as needed
49
Q

Swabbing collection technique

A

Dried Material Technique
1. With gloved hands, slightly moisten the swab with distilled water
2. Thoroughly rub the stained area using a single moistened swab for a small stain and multiple swabs for a large stain
3. Air-dry swabs
4. Place each swab in separate packages

50
Q

Swabbing collection technique (Liquid)

A
  1. With gloved hands, swab the liquid material allowing the swab to absorb as much of the substance as possible. Multiple swabs used for large amounts of fluid
  2. Thoroughly air-dry each swab
51
Q

Collection of glass

A
  • If even the remotest possibility exists that glass fragments may be pieced together, every effort must be made to collect all the glass found
52
Q

Packaging of glass

A
  • Packaged in solid containers to avoid further breakage
  • If a suspect’s shoes and or clothing are to be examined for the presence of glass fragments, they should be individually wrapped in paper and sent to the lab
53
Q

Collection of drugs

A
  • Usually the original container in which the drug was seized in will suffice
54
Q

Collection of hair

A
  • Head hair or pubic hair
  • Head hair: 50 full length hairs (Root of hair has DNA)
  • Pubic hair: 2 dozen full length pubic hairs
55
Q

Collection of Fibers

A
  • If fibers are on clothing, each article should be packaged carefully in separate paper bags
  • If it is necessary to remove a fiber from an object, the investigator must use clean forceps, place it in a bindle, fold and label it, and place the paper packet inside another
56
Q

Collection of paint chips

A
  • Most likely found in hit and run accidents
  • Paper druggist folds and glass or plastic vials make excellent containers for paint
  • Paint smeared or embedded in garments or objects require the whole item to be packaged or sent to the laboratory
  • Tools can have paint on them
57
Q

Collection of soil

A
  • standard/reference soils are to be collected at various intervals within a 100-yard-radius of the crime scene
  • Soil found on the suspect’s garments and shoes should not be removed
  • Each object containing soil should be individually wrapped in paper
58
Q

Collection of flammables

A
  • Traces of flammable liquid residues may be located with a vapor detector
  • A search for ignitors should be conducted
59
Q

Collection of explosives

A
  • The entire bomb site must be systematically searched with great care to try and recover any trace of a detonating mechanism or anything foreign to the site
  • Debris and particles collected are to be packaged in separate air-tight containers
60
Q

Transporting prints

A
  • If the object is small enough to be transported without destroying the print, the entire object should be preserved
  • Prints on large immovable objects that have been developed with a powder can best be preserved by “lifting” with a broad adhesive tape-=
61
Q

Firearm evidence collection

A
  1. Firearms are collected by holding the weapon by the edge of the trigger guard or by the checkered portions of the grip
  2. In most cases, it will be necessary to unload the weapon to prevent accidental discharge
  3. When a revolver, the chambers, their positions, and corresponding cartridges must be recorded
  4. Firearm evidence must be marked for identification
    - Bullets recovered at the crime scene are placed in individual boxes and labeled
    - The obliteration of striation markings
    -Protect the bullet by wrapping it in tissue paper before placing it in a pillbox or an envelope
62
Q

Handwriting exemplar

A
  • Known writing should contain some of the words and combination of letters in the questioned document
  • The writing implement and paper should be alike
  • writing multiple pages may prevent deception

Forensics (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions