forensic solutions Flashcards
Dealing With Offending Behaviour
Five Ways
Custodial Sentencing
Anger Management
Behaviour Modification in Custody
Restorative Justice
Custodial Sentencing
Aims:
Deterrence - Put others off. Based on behaviourist idea of conditioning through punishment.
Incapacitation - Protection and safety (for the public)
Retribution - Revenge for the crime, justice as level of crime should be proportionate to punishment
Rehabilitation - Reform the offender. Offenders should e provided with opportunities o develop skills, as well as time to reflect on heir crimes.
Custodial Sentencing
Psychological Effects
Institutionalisation - adaption to the norms and accustomed to the routines of prison life makes it difficult to function on the outside.
Prisonisation - the ways which prisoners socialise, behaviour that is encouraged in prison is unacceptable in real life.
Prison Reform Trust - 25% of women, 15% of men reported symptoms of psychosis.
Stress and Depression - suicide rates are higher in prison population, as is self-harm. The stress of the experience increases risk of psychological disturbance following release.
Bartol - suicide rates are 15 times higher in prison
Custodial Sentencing
Psychological Effects (brief)
Institutionalisation
Prisonisation - Prison Reform Trust
Stress and depression - Bartol (1995)
Custodial Sentencing
Recidivism
Refers to reoffending.
Ministry of Justice 2013 - 57% reoffend within a year of release in UK
2007 - 14 prisons in England and Wales recorded reoffending rates of over 70%
Custodial Sentencing
Weaknesses
Psychological Effects - Burtol and Prison Reform Trust
Recidivism - Ministry of Justice
Individual Differences
Universities for Crime
Geoffrey Davies - review of custodial sentencing.
Custodial Sentencing
Strength
Provides opportunities for training, treatment and learning
Rehabilitation Model
Anger Management Programmes.
