Forensic Psychology Wk 3 Mod 4 Juvenile Delinquency and juvenile justice Risk and Protective Factors Flashcards
Revision
Risk and Protective factors
Risk and Protective factors are core concepts within life-course criminology.
Risk Factors
Are found to increase chances of experiencing negatives outcomes later in life such as drug use and offending.
Protective Factors
Protective factors buffer the effects of risk factors and help to reduce the impact of risk factors. In os doing preventing the development of these negative outcomes.
Antecedents to adolescent offending
Parenting related; certain parenting styles are associated with juvenile offending and anti-social behaviour.
- Punitive child rearing
- Absence of love or rejection
- Poor monitoring and supervision
- Family disruption
- Deviant parental characteristics; parents have a history of offending or being involved in substance abuse tend to be predictors of later offending behaviour.
Predicting delinquency
- Longitudinal research
- Logitudinal experimental studies
- Cross sectional studies - a type of observational study that analyses date from a population or sub section of the population.
Risk Factors Individual
Low IQ, Low school achievement, hgyperactivity, impulsiveness, risk taking, anti social behaviour, neuro problems, perinatal difficulties.
Protective Factors Individual
Social competence, social skills, attachment to family, moral beliefs, values good coping/resilience.
Risk Factors Family
Poor parental monitoring/supervision, harsh/punitive discipline, inconsistent discipline, cold parent, failure to love, rejection, parental conflict, crimiinal parent, delinquent siblings, parental substance abuse.
Protective Factors Family
Caring parents, good modelling, family harmony, small family.
Risk Factors Socio Economic and peer
Low income, large family, parental unemployment - all lead to a family under stress. Delinquent peers, rejection by peers low popularity.
Protective Factors school and peer
Positive school environment, prosocial peer group, sense of attachment to school
Risk Factors school
Bullying, delinquency, poor community, under resourced, poor parent school relationship.
Risk Factors School
Bullying, delinquency, poor community, under-resourced, poor parent-school relationship.
Risk Factors Neighbourhood
Poor neighbourhood, low resources, high delinquency/crime and violence, socially disorganised.
Protective Factors Neighbourhood
Supportive services, community networking, community and cultural norms, high moral standards and values, cohesive community, high socioeconomic standards.
