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Forensic Pathology > forensic pathology > Flashcards

forensic pathology Flashcards

1
Q

Pathology

A
  • A medical Specialty
  • study of the structural and morphological changes to the body as a result of a disease state
  • often called Anatomic Pathology
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2
Q

Forensic Pathology

A

Determination of cause an manner of death in cases of susicious, unexplained, or violent deaths

  • about 1/3 of all deaths
  • whitney houston, mark anthony
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3
Q

Forensic Pathologists

A
  • Primarily determine cause of death
  • also review past medical history
  • better understand how it could have influenced that death
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4
Q

Pathologists first appeared in the

A

Mid 19th century

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5
Q

what instruments propelled this study by the examination of tissues

A

microscope

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6
Q

Pathology is derrived from?

A

Pathos: Suffering or disease
Logos: word or writting

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7
Q

Dr. Henry fisher

A

Pathologist C. 1890
pittsburg or penstate
looking through micrscope what got forensic patholgy going
normal vs disease tissue morphology

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8
Q

Duties of Forensic pathologist

A
  • Determine the identity of the deceased
  • determine the apparent cause and manner of death
  • determine or estimate the post- mortem Interval (PMI)
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9
Q

Autopsies

A

Autopsy- to look at oneself
necropsy- to look at the dead
- autopsies have been practiced since the middle ages
- the term atuopsy is generally used in the us
rather than necropsy for dead animals

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10
Q

Autopsy Process

A
  • Proceeds in logical manner form the outside to the inside (patholgists often dictates finidings during the autopsy)
  • Examines the body to determine cause and manner of death (also searches the body for physical evidence which can yeild clues to the indentiy of the deceased, if unknown.)
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11
Q

Autopsy

A

Jasmine Fiore
discovered in a suitcase in a trash dump, her fingers and teeth were removed
x boyfriend killed her then hung himself

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12
Q

Autopsy Process (external examination)

A

detailed examination of the entire body is made

  • all wounds and trauma are noted
  • body is photographed clothed and unclothed
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13
Q

Autopsy Process (external examination ) #2

A

assesment of wounds

  • objects may have caused death are removed
  • x-rays are taken
  • nail gun example
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14
Q

Autopsy Process (internal Examination)

A
  • incisions created in the chest, abdomen and head
  • Removal of organs form those areas of the body
  • T shaped incisioin is typically used
  • facilitates examination of the neck
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15
Q

Brain Removal

A

Incision from behind one ear to behind the other ear

  • scalp is pulled upward and backward
  • skull is sawed circullary
  • Brain may be disected immediately, or placed in formaldehyde to preserve tissue for better examination
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16
Q

Other internal organs are removed and ______

A

weighed

17
Q

Organs are dissected in order to determine

A

Disease or injury

18
Q

examples of extensive dissection and removal

A

child abuse, blunt trauma

19
Q

Obtaining appropriate specimens

A

Toxicolgy requires specimens for testing

  • blood is taken from the aorta and else where
  • bile is taken from the gall bladder
  • urine from bladder taken with hyperdermic needle
20
Q

Specimens tested for drugs

A

Blood, urine, liver, kidney, and brain specimens

21
Q

Tested for alcohol

A

Blood

22
Q

other factors to consider

A

medical history, witness statements, scene examintion, and autopsy may be used to search for other drugs

23
Q

Microscopic examination

A
  • small portions of organs are put in formaldehyde (preserves them for study)
  • diseased or injured sections of tissue are taken (normal tissue is taken, for comparison)
  • tissue is encased in parrafin and is mounted on slides (examined under a light microscope)
24
Q

Most pathologists preserves specimens of tissue for ______?

A

DNA analysis

-must not be stored in formaldehyde for to long (DNA becomes hydrolyized and become unsuitable for study)

25
Q

Patters Of Injury: Classification of Violent deaths

A

1) Mechanical
2) Thermal
3) Electrical
4) Chemical

26
Q

Violent Deaths : Mechanical Causes

A
  • most common types of violent deaths

- eg. stabbing or gunshot

27
Q

Two Types of Mechanical Causes

A

1) Sharp Force Injuries: causes an incised wound, relatively sharp edges
2) Blunt Force Injuries: cause a laceration, has rough edges

28
Q

Firearm Injuries is what type of of injury?

A

Blunt Force Injury

-Different injury patterns (bullet vs. pellets)

29
Q

T or F

High speed bullets from rifles cause more damage than low speed pellets from shotguns or pistols?

A

True

30
Q

Perforating wounds

A

wounds that either enter or exit the body

31
Q

Firearm Injuries: Gunshot wound Types

A

1) Contact
2) Intermediate
3) Distant

32
Q

Contact Gun Shot wounds

A
  • gun pressed next to body and discharged
  • entry wound shows blackening and swelling form release of hot gasses
  • often causes laceration
33
Q

Intermediate Gun shot wound

A

unburned and partially burned propellant lodged in the skin

34
Q

Distant Gun Shot wound

A

No stipplings

35
Q

Interruption of oxygen to the brain is

A

Asphyxia

36
Q

Asyphyxia leas to a low level of oxygen in the brain which is called a (Cerebral Hypoxia)

A

True

37
Q

Asphixia may be caused by

A

1) drowning
2) suffocation (smoothering) (auto erotic)
3) Stragulation
- manual (using hands)
- non manual ( by ligature)
4) Inhalation of toxic chemicals (not common)

38
Q

Air Concentrations

A 
Nitrogen=76%
Argon=1%
oxygen:21%
normal air 21%
10-15% judgement/  coordination impaired
10% loss of consciousness
8% death
39
Q

Drowning

A

Death from asphyxiation due to immersion in water or other liquid

  • Almost always accidental
  • Leading cause of death in children under age of 5
  • Generally a dignosis of exclusion

Forensic Pathology (1 decks)

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