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Forensic DNA > Forensic DNA > Flashcards

Forensic DNA Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

concerned with the detection, collection and analysis of biological material

A

Forensic Serology

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2
Q

tests conducted by serologists to establish the possibility that a specific bodily fluid is present

A

Presumptive tests/Color Tests

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3
Q

serological tests that conclusively identify the identity of a biological material

A

Confirmatory Tests

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4
Q

ABO BLOOD TYPING

A
  • separates human blood into four broad classifications based on the presence or absence of either or both antigen A or antigen B on the surface of red blood cells
  • became a standard in forensic laboratories before the advent of DNA testing especially in paternity cases
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5
Q

Basic Principle of Serology

A

“For every antigen, there exists a specific antibody”

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6
Q

complex organic compounds found in all living cells except mammalian red blood cells.

A

NUCLEIC ACIDS

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7
Q

Two kinds of nucleic acids play crucial roles in inheritance:

A

deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)

ribonucleic acid (RNA)

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8
Q

where is RNA found

A

Cytoplasm

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9
Q

DNA is found primarily in the nucleus of cells; hence it is referred to as

A

nuclear DNA (nDNA)

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10
Q

True or False:
DNA is a polymer

A

True

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11
Q

a very large molecule made by linking a series of repeating units, or monomers

A

Polymer

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12
Q

what are the repeating units of DNA called?

A

Nucleotides

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13
Q

are composed of (1) sugar molecule, (2) a phosphorus atom surrounded by four oxygen atoms, and (3) a nitrogen-containing molecule called a base.

A

Nucleotides

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14
Q

What is sugar in RNA and DNA?

A

either ribose in RNA or deoxyribose in DNA

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15
Q

What is sugar?

A

Pentose

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16
Q

What do the alternating sugar-phosphoric acid units form?

A

backbone of the nucleic acids

17
Q

What are the 4 types of bases associated with DNA:

A
  1. Adenine (A)
  2. Guanine (G)
  3. Cytosine (C)
  4. Thymine (T) – only present in DNA
18
Q

found in RNA in place of thymine

A

Uracil

19
Q

A and G

A

purines

20
Q

C and T

A

pyrimidines

21
Q

True or False:
Purines and pyrimidines are bases because their nitrogen atoms can accept protons.

A

True

22
Q

True or False: The human genome contains approximately 2 billion base pairs and their sequence regulates the expression of genes.

A

FALSE: The human genome contains approximately 3 billion base pairs, and their sequence regulates the expression of genes.

23
Q

DNA Profiling Process

A
  1. Proper Collection, Preservation, Tagging, Marking and Packaging of Biological Evidence to be Subjected to DNA testing
  2. DNA Extraction & Quantitation
  3. DNA Amplification By Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
  4. DNA Sequencing
  5. DNA Profile Interpretation
  6. DNA Report Writing

Forensic DNA (1 decks)

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