FORENSIC Flashcards
A disc of transparent glass generally bounded by two spherical surfaces capable of transforming an image
Lens
The eye of the camera
Lens
A piece of transparent material made of glass or plastic with 2 opposite symmetrical surfaces or atleast one curved surface
Lens
Composed of 1 lens
Simple lenses
Produce aberrated images
Simple lenses
It consist of two or more simple lenses fitted together
Compound lenses
Largest opening of the diaphragm that the light can pass through
Lens speed
Important in taking pictures in dim light
Lens speed
A lens with larger maximum aperture
Fast lens
A smaller maximum aperture
Slow lens
This refers to the size of the image produced by lens depend upon factor’s camera to subject and focal length
Image Size
This refers to a good lenses that are capable of reproducing circles of confusion much smaller than 1/1000 of an inch
Depth of focus
This refers to the distance from the optical center of the lens to the focal plane, when the lens is focused on infinity
Focal plane
The distance between the lens and the focal plane when the lens is focused on infinity
Focal length
Focal length controls the following?
Magnification, Angle of view, Standard or Normal lens
The sized of the image formed by the lens
Magnification
The amount of the scene shown on a given size of film
Angle of view
A lens with a focal length equal to the diagonal measure of the image area
Standard or Normal lens
Angle of view is 45 degrees to 60 degrees
Standard or Normal lens
Produce an image that is approximately the same with the view of the human eye
Standard or Normal lens
It has a shorter focal length than the normal lens
Short focal lens or wide angle lens
Covers a picture angle of 60 to 90 degrees
Short focal lens or wide angle lens
It enables photographing a widely extended scene from a close proximity or within a confined area.
Short focal lens or wide angle lens
A lens with extreme wide angle
Fish Eye Len’s
It provides a field of view of 180 degrees or more
Fish Eye Lens
Lens with longer focal length that constrict the field of view and decrease the depth of field while greatly magnifying the image
Long or Telephoto Lens or Narrow Angle
Angle of view is less than 45 degrees
Long or Telephoto Lens or Narrow Angle
A special type of camera lens with variable focal length with can be adjusted continuously by the movement of the variable focus lens
Zoom Lens
This lens allows quick adjustment to give a wider or narrower field of vision but keeping the image in focus
Zoom Lens
The failure of light rays to focus properly after they pass through a lens or reflect from a mirror
Aberration
Focusing at different points of light rays passing through different parts of spherical lens
Spherical aberration
The outer parts of the lens is bent more sharply and comes to a focus sooner than that passing through the middle
Spherical aberration
The failure of different colored lights rays
Chromatic aberration
The inability of the lens to bring horizontal and vertical lines
Astigmatism
Occurs at the edge of the image, the image appears elliptical or cross shaped because of an irregularity in the curvature of the lens
Astigmatism
It occurs when light falling obliquely on the lens
Coma
A spot of light appears to have a tail, rather like a comet
Coma
The plane of sharpest focus becomes curved not flat
Curvature of field
It is caused by rays from the outer limits of the subject plane coming to focus nearer to the lens than the axial rays
Curvature of field
Causes the image of a straight line, at the edges of the field to bow in or out.
Distortion
A result of double reflection from inner lens surfaces
Flare or optical flare
This refers to colored disks of glass or gelatine which are placed Infront of the camera lens to improve the quality of pictures
Filters
Filters that are used effectively when photographing blood
Blue filters
Filters that are used in place of blue filters for photographing blood.
Green filters
They work better than blue filters
Green filters
Filters that are used to photograph white cars
Yellow filters
Filters that is used to screens out the violet end of the spectrum
Ultraviolet or UV filters
It will prevent the lens from being scratched
Ultraviolet or UV filters
Filters that is used to cut down light transmission
Neutral Density Filters
They used to reduce the light intensity to prevent over exposure
Neutral Density Filters
Filters that is used primarily to control light reflected from highly polished surfaces
Polarizing Filters
This is the only filter that can increase the blue saturation in the sky in a color photograph without altering the remaining colors in the scene
Polarizing Filters
Filters that are used to remove excess bluishness from distant view outdoors
Haze and Skylight Filters
Filters intended to alter the response to the spectral sensitivity in terms of the naked eye
Correction Filters
