Forelimb Muscles

Question 1

What are the three parts of the brachicephalicus

Answer 1

celidobrachialis, cleidocervicalis and cleidomastoidus

Question 2

What nerve innervates the trapezius

Answer 2

accessory nerve

Question 3

What nerve innervates the omotransvers

Answer 3

accessory nerve

Question 4

What nerve innervates the cutaneous trunci

Answer 4

lateral thoracic nerve

Question 5

What nerve innervates the supraspinatus and infraspinatus

Answer 5

suprascapular nerve

Question 6

What nerve innervates the teres minor

Answer 6

axillary

Question 7

What nerve innervates the subscapularis

Answer 7

subscapular and axillary

Question 8

What nerve innervates the coracobrachialis

Answer 8

musculocutaneous

Question 9

What nerve innervates the teres major

Answer 9

axillary

Question 10

What nerve innervates the deltoid

Answer 10

axillary

Question 11

What nerve innervates the biceps brachii

Answer 11

Musculocutaneous

Question 12

What nerve innervates the brachialis

Answer 12

musculocutaneous

Question 13

What nerve innervates the triceps brachii

Answer 13

radial

Question 14

What nerve innervates all extensors of the antebrachii

Answer 14

radial

Question 15

What nerve innervates the pronator teres

Answer 15

median

Question 16

What nerve innervates the flexor carpi radialis

Answer 16

median nerve

Question 17

What nerve innervates the flexor carpi ulnaris

Answer 17

ulnar nerve

Question 18

What nerve innervates the superficial digital flexor

Answer 18

Median nerve

Question 19

What nerve innervates the deep digital flexor

Answer 19

Median and ulnar nerve

Question 20

What nerve innervates the interosseous

Answer 20

ulnar nerve

Question 21

What is the function of the brachicephalicus

Answer 21

Protract and move limb towards head or draw head around in flexion

Question 22

What is the action of the trapezius

Answer 22

Elevate limb if both cervial and thoracic fibres contract, cervical (caudoventally alligned) contraction swings limb forward

Question 23

What is the function of the omotransverse

Answer 23

Pulls scapula to head or draws neck towards ground

Question 24

What is the function of the latissimus dorsi

Answer 24

Straps scapula to chest, , retraction of free limb and flexion of shoulder joint. When weight bearing pulls trunk forward

Question 25

F: Superficial pectoral

Answer 25

Shoulder fixator, prvents abduction of the limb

Question 26

F: Deep pectoral

Answer 26

Limb retractor, slings trunk

Question 27

F: Rhomboid

Answer 27

Holds scapula against trunk, may rotate the scapula to retract the limb

Question 28

F: Ventral serrate

Answer 28

Slings body, raise thorax. When acting unilaterally can draw neck to that side and can bilaterally raise the neck

Question 29

F: cutaneous truncii

Answer 29

Can twitch

Question 30

F: supraspinatus

Answer 30

Fixator, acts as a cranial collateral ligament, resists flexion of shoulder isometrically

Question 31

F: Teres minor

Answer 31

Fixator, acts as lateral collateral ligament ,flex or extend shoulder joint depending on position

Question 32

F: Infraspinatus

Answer 32

Fixator, acts as lateral collateral ligament . flex or extend shoulder joint depending on position

Question 33

F: Subscapularis

Answer 33

Medial collateral ligament of the shoulder joint, adducts shoulder,

Question 34

F: Coracobrachialis

Answer 34

Mostly an adductor/stabiliser of shoulder but potential weak extensor

Question 35

F: Teres major

Answer 35

Flexor of shoulder joint

Question 36

F: Deltoid

Answer 36

Flexes shoulder joint and abducts humerus

Question 37

F: Biceps brachii

Answer 37

Flexes elbow and fixes shoulder by resisting flexion when standing

Question 38

F: Brachialis

Answer 38

Second elbow flexor

Question 39

F: Triceps brachii

Answer 39

Extend elbow and long head can flex the shoulder

Question 40

F: Tensor fascia antebrachii

Answer 40

Extends the elbow, tenses antebrachial fascia

Question 41

F: ECR

Answer 41

Extends carpus and weak flexor of elbow

Question 42

F: Abductor pollices longus

Answer 42

Medial deviation of the first digit and paw (adduction), weak carpus extensor and weak pronator

Question 43

F: LDE

Answer 43

To extend the joints of the digits

Question 44

F: ECU

Answer 44

Further extends already extended carpus and flexes already flexed carpus, also capable of lateral deviation of paw

Question 45

F: Supinator

Answer 45

Supinates radius relative to ulna, function largely reduced but still possible in dogs and cats

Question 46

F: Pronator teres

Answer 46

Pronation

Question 47

F: DDF

Answer 47

Flexes carpus and digits, only muscle that can flex distal interphalangeal joint

Question 48

F: Pronator quadratus

Answer 48

Turns forepaw inwards in pronation