Foreign Policy: Section One Flashcards
**consists of the strategies and goals that guide a nations relations with other countries and groups in the world
Foreign Policy
The specific strategies that make up US foreign policy from year to year change in response to changes in the
international environment
The long-term goals of that policy remain constant, reflecting both the
nations ideals and its self-interest
The principal goal of American foreign policy is to
preserve the security of the United States
**means protection of a nation’s border and territories against invasion or control by foreign powers
National security
In today’s global economy national security means more than
Military Defense
Maintaining ____ with other nations and preserving access to necessary natural resources have also been basic goals of US foreign policy
Trade
Productive American factories and farms need _____ ______in which to sell their goods
Foreign Markets
Generally, the United States supports trade that is free from both
export and import restrictions
American leaders also work for world peace because they believe it helps the nation avoid outside ____and aids ______
Conflicts and aids National Security
**The United States tries to help other nations settle disputes and has also supplied ______ aid to at-risk countries
Economic
The rise of __________, along with direct terrorist attacks, have made the goal of world peace an even greater challenge
Terrorist groups
The united states aids ______ and helps others create democratic political systems
democratic nations
**The United States has responded by providing ___,____,_____ for humanitarian reasons
food, medical supplies, and technical assistance
strategic interests of the United States by maintaining ________ in the world
Political stability
Until the late 1800’s, American foreign policy was based on
Isolationism
**the avoidance of involvement in world affairs
Isolationism
When who became president in 1789, the US was a small nation in deep debt
George washington
In 1823, president James Monroe announced a new foreign policy known as the _______________
Monroe Doctrine
It began to look for the world markets for its products and for new sources of
Raw materials
For some government leaders, isolationism no longer fit the US’s role as an
Economic Power
The US leaders of the time believed the nation needed to expand and acquire a
Colonial empire
**In 1898 the US fought the
Spanish American War
As a result of the Spanish American War, the US acquired the ____, _____, and ________
Philippine Islands, Guam, and Puerto Rico
The United States was now a major power in the ________ as well as the Pacific region and East Asia
Caribbean
When World War 1 began in Europe in 1914, _______ sentiment in the United States was still strong
Isolationism
When World War 2 began in 1939, the United States officially remained
Neutral
The_________ in 1941, however, drew the United States into war
Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor
Since World War 2, US foreign policy has been based on
Internationalism
The United States emerged from World War 2 as the leader of the ________ of the world
Free nations
US government leaders viewed the power of the who? as a threat to national security
Soviet Union
1949 __________ seized control of China
Chinese Communist
The Communist takeovers in these nations convinces American leaders that they must halt
Communist Aggression
The Cold War was a war of words and ideologies rather than a
shooting war
With the threat of expanding communism, the US drew upon the ideas of __________ an American diplomat and expert on Soviet history and culture
George F. Kenan
_______ was the policy designed to keep the Soviet Union from expanding its powers
Containment
America also tried to stop the spread of communism by giving economic aid to nations they said were threatened by
totalitarian regimes
President Harry Truman announced what later became known as the _______ in a speech in 1947
Truman doctrine
**Months later the ____________ provided badly needed economic aid for war-torn Europe
Marshall Plan
Cold War tensions and fears also led to an
arms race
**The Cold War policy of containment drew the United States into two wars
Korea and Vietnam
n 1989 the __________ dividing Communist East Germany from the Democratic West Germany was torn down by demonstrators
Berlin Wall
Truman saw the invasion of South Korea as _________by the Soviet Union and sent American troops there under the UN sponsorship
expansionism
While ______ called on the US to stay involved in world politics to protect American trade interests, encourage democracy, and advanced human rights
Policymakers
in 1990 Iraq’s leader _________, invaded neighboring Kuwait threatening Middle Eastern oil supplies
Saddam Hussein
Theses actions included a program of inspections aimed at preventing Iraq from developing weapons of ________
Mass destruction
During the 1990’s Hussein kept tension high by failing to cooperate with _____________
UN-mandated inspections
Throughout the 1990’s president ______ sent troops to several places in attempts to maintain political order and protect humanitarian interest
Clinton
in 1992 US troops join a multi-nation force in _______to protect relief organizations operating during a civil war
Somalia
1994 US troops preserved order in _____ when their president was forced to flee the country
Haiti
1995 _______&_______ intervened to end ethic warfare among Croats, Serbs, and Muslims resulting from the breakup of the former Yugoslavia
US and NATO allies
1999, US and NATO air power and troops forced Serbian troops to withdraw from the Yugoslavian providence of Kosovo
Yugoslavian and Kosovo
The FBI intelligence sources identified the attack as the work of ________, a global network of Islamic terrorist whose leaders were based Afghanistan
al-Qaeda
President ________quickly announced that a war on terrorism would become the focus of his administration
George W. Bush
the ___________ framework states that preemption should replace containment and deterrence as the foundation American strategy
Bush administration
preemption means that the US will strike first with military force against any_____ or ________ that may threaten the nations with weapons of mass destruction
terrorist groups or rouge states
President Bush applied preemption in March 2003 when the ______ and ______of others removed the government of Hussein
US and a coalition
In _____,____, Hussein was captured
month, year
