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AP U.S History > Foreign Policy > Flashcards

Foreign Policy Flashcards

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1
Q

Northwest Ordinance 1787

A

Established the precedent for the admission of new states to the west

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2
Q

Neutrality Proclamation 1793

A

The declaring of the U.S staying neutral in the French Revolution. Allowed neutral trading amongst them

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3
Q

Citizen Genet Affair 1794

A

Genet came to promote Americans for the French Revolution and endangered the Americans from breaking their neutrality agreement

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4
Q

Jay’s Treaty 1795

A

Withdrew British troops, gained limited rights to trade with Britain, however America had to pay wartime debts to Britain

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5
Q

Pinckney’s Treaty 1795

A

Established intentions of friendship with U.S and Spain, defining boundaries of Spanish colonies, and U.S navigation rights in the Mississippi river

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6
Q

Washington’s Farewell Address 1796

A

Discussed neutrality as a great importance, and how political parties will break the nation apart

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7
Q

Quasi-War 1798

A

Fought in seas between USA and French Republic after French attacked neutral ships

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8
Q

Tripolitan (Barbary) War 1801-1805

A

First Barbary War between USA and 4 North African states after the seizing of American ships

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9
Q

Louisiana Purchase 1803

A

530 million acres of land purchased from France for $15 million by Thomas Jefferson

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10
Q

Embargo Act 1807

A

All exports from US illegal to force Britain and France to respect American rights during the Napoleonic Wars

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11
Q

Macon’s Bill #2

A

Intended to stop Great Britain and France from seizing American vessels during the Napoleonic Wars

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12
Q

Battle of Tippecanoe 1811

A

War between US and Native Americans that opposed US expansion in Native territory. US won.

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13
Q

War of 1812

A

War between US and Great Britain over impressment and trade restrictions

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14
Q

Rush-Bagot Treaty 1817

A

Treaty between US and Great Britain to demilitarize lakes along international boundary

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15
Q

Adams-Onis Treaty (Florida Purchase Treaty) 1819

A

A treaty between US and Spain that ceded Florida to US and defined new boundaries between US and New Spain

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16
Q

Missouri Compromise 1820

A

Regulated slavery by prohibiting practice north of 36:30 north

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17
Q

“Manifest Destiny”

A

The attitude that American expansion was destined to expand to the coast

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18
Q

Monroe Doctrine 1823

A

State that further efforts by European nations to colonize North America would be viewed as aggression against the U.S

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19
Q

Indian Removal Act 1830

A

Allowed Jackson to negotiate with southern Indian tribes for their removal to territory west of the Mississippi River

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20
Q

Oregon Treaty 1846

A

Brought an end to the Oregon boundary dispute

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21
Q

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo 1848

A

The peace treaty between the United States and Maxico that ended the Mexican-American war

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22
Q

Compromise of 1850

A

Defused a four-year political confrontation between slave and free states after territories from the Mexican-American War were acquired

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23
Q

Ostend Manifesto 1852

A

Described the reasons for US to purchase Cuba from Spain

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24
Q

Gadsden Purchase 1853

A

Region of Arizona and New Mexico that was purchased by the United States

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25
Q

Gunboat Diplomacy 1854

A

Pursuit of foreign policy objectives with the aid of powerful displays of naval power

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26
Q

Seward’s Folly 1867

A

US acquisition of Alash from the Russian Empire

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27
Q

Frederick Jackson Turner’s “Frontier Thesis”

A

Emphasized the importance of the frontier emphasizing America’s character

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28
Q

“Remember the Maine” 1898

A

f

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29
Q

Spanish-American War

A

A conflict between Spain and the United States after the sinking of the USS Maine

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30
Q

Teller Amendment 1898

A

Placed a condition on the US military’s presence in Cuba

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31
Q

“Open Door Policy” 1899

A

Proposed to keep China open to trade with all countries on an equal basis

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32
Q

“White Man’s Burden”

A

A rhetorical command to white men to colonize and rule other nations for the benefit of those people

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33
Q

Platte Amendment 1901

A

Stipulated conditions for the withdrawal of US troops remaining in Cuba at the end of the Spanish-American War

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34
Q

Roosevelt Corollary 1904

A

States that the US will intervene in conflicts between European countries and Latin American countries to enforce claims of European powers

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35
Q

Panama Canal

A

Connects the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean

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36
Q

Russo-Japanese Treaty 1905

A

Ended the Russo-Japanese War

37
Q

“Dollar Diplomacy” 1909

A

Further aim in other countries through use of its economic power by guaranteeing loans to foreign countries

38
Q

“Moral Diplomacy” 1912

A

System where support is only given to countries whose moral beliefs match that of the nation

39
Q

Pancho Villa Expedition 1916

A

A military operation conducted by the US against forces of Francisco Villa during the Mexican Revolution

40
Q

Fourteen Points Address 1918

A

Statement of principles for world peace used for peace negotiations in order to end WW1

41
Q

Washington Disarmament Conference 1921

A

A military conference regarding interests in the Pacific Ocean and East Asia

42
Q

Kellogg-Briand Pact 1928

A

An international agreement in which signatory states promised not to use war to resolve disputes or conflicts

43
Q

“Good Neighbor Policy” 1933

A

A policy of non-intervention and non-interference in the domestic affairs of Latin America

44
Q

Neutrality Acts 1935 & 1937

A

US stayed neutral in response to the growing turmoil in Europe and Asia that eventually led to WWII

45
Q

Neutrality Act 1939

A

Stayed isolated from the German invasion and the turmoil in Europe

46
Q

“Destroyers for Bases” 1940

A

50 US Navy Destroyers were transferred to the Royal Navy in exchange for land rights on British possessions

47
Q

Lend-Lease 1941

A

A program under which the US supplied Allied nations with food, oil, and material between 1941 and 1945

48
Q

Pearl Harbor 1941

A

A surprise military strike by the Japanese, leading to US entry in WWII

49
Q

D-Day 1944

A

The day the Allied powers crossed the English Channel and landed on the beaches of Normandy, France to begin liberation of Western Europe from Nazi control

50
Q

Hiroshima and Nagasaki 1945

A

The dropping of nuclear weapons onto Japanese cities during the final stage of WWII

51
Q

Yalta Conference 1945

A

WWII meeting of the heads of government of the US to discuss Europe’s post-war reorganization

52
Q

United Nations 1945

A

An intergovernmental organization to promote international co-operation

53
Q

Containment 1947

A

A military strategy to stop the expansion of an enemy

54
Q

Truman Doctrine 1947

A

Give economic aid to European countries to prevent the spread of communism

55
Q

Marshall Plan 1947

A

An American initiative to aid Western Europe to rebuild European economies

56
Q

Berlin Airlift 1948

A

Americans airlifted supplies to Western Germany after the Soviet Union blockaded them

57
Q

NATO 1949

A

An intergovernmental military alliance based on the North Atlantic Treaty using a system of collective defense

58
Q

Korean War 1950-1953

A

US came to South Korea’s aid after an invasion from North Korea

59
Q

Overthrow of Iran 1953

A

The American and British overthrow of the monarchical rule of Iran

60
Q

Hungarian Revolt 1956

A

A nationwide revolt against the government of Hungary and its Soviet-based policies

61
Q

Suez Crisis 1956

A

US and UK withdrew support for the Aswan Dam because of Egyptian overtures towards the Soviet Union

62
Q

Overthrow of Guatemala 1957

A

A covert operation carried out by the CIA to depose the democratically elected Guatemalan President and end the Guatemalan Revolution

63
Q

Eisenhower Doctrine 1957

A

A Middle Eastern country could request American economic assistance from US military forces if threatened by armed aggression from another state

64
Q

Brinkmanship

A

The art/practice of pursuing a dangerous policy to the limits of safety before stopping

65
Q

Massive Retaliation

A

A military doctrine and nuclear strategy in which a state commits itself to retaliate in much greater force in the event of an attack

66
Q

U-2 Incident 1960

A

When a U-2 spy plane was shot down while in Soviet airspace

67
Q

Peace Corps 1961

A

A volunteer program designed to provide technical assistance outside the US to understand American culture and for Americans to understand other cultures

68
Q

Alliance for Progress 1961-1963

A

Aimed to establish economic cooperation between the US and Latin America

69
Q

Bay of Pigs 1961

A

A failed military invasion of Cuba undertaken by the CIA

70
Q

Berlin Wall 1961

A

A barrier that divided West Berlin from East Berlin

71
Q

Cuban Missile Crisis 1962

A

A 13-day confrontation between the U.S and the Soviet Union concerning Soviet ballistic missiles deployment in Cuba

72
Q

Gulf of Tonkin Affair/Resolution 1964

A

Two separate confrontations involving North Vietnam and the United States

73
Q

Tet Offensive 1968

A

A campaign of surprise attacks against military and civilian commands and control centers throughout South Vietnam

74
Q

My Lai Massacre 1968

A

Vietnam War mass killing in South Vietnam

75
Q

Vietnamization 1969

A

A policy to end the Vietnam War by expanding South Vietnam’s forces and reduce the number of US combat troops

76
Q

Detente

A

The easing of strained relations, especially in a political situation

77
Q

SALT I 1972

A

Two rounds of bilateral conferences and corresponding international treaties involving the US and USSR on the issue of armament control

78
Q

War Powers Act 1973

A

A federal law intended to check the president’s power to commit the US to an armed conflict without the consent of the US congress

79
Q

Camp David Accords 1979

A

Frameworks for peace in the middle east

80
Q

Iran-Hostage Crisis 1979

A

A diplomatic crisis between Iran and the US where 52 American diplomats and citizens were held in hostage for a year and a half

81
Q

SDI 1983

A

A proposed missile defense system inteded to protect the US from strategic nuclear weapons

82
Q

Iran-Contra Affair

A

A political scandal in the US where senior administration officials secretly facilitated the sale of arms to Iran

83
Q

INF Treaty 1987

A

An agreement between the US and USSR for peace

84
Q

NAFTA 1994

A

An agreement signed by Canada, Mexico, and the US to create a trilateral trade bloc

85
Q

Gulf War 1991

A

A war waged by coalition forces led by the US against Iraq in response to Iraq’s invasion and annexation of Kuwai

86
Q

War on Terror 2001

A

The international military campaign that started after the 9/11 attacks on the US

87
Q

Afghanistan War 2001-2013

A

The period where the US invaded Afghanistan after the

88
Q

Invasion on Iraq 2003

A

An invasion where US, UK, Australia, Spain, and Poland invaded Iraq and deposed of Saddam Hussein’s government

AP U.S History (4 decks)

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