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Elizabeth I > Foreign Policy > Flashcards

Foreign Policy Flashcards

1
Q

what was the throckmorton plot

A

foreign landing in Sussex then overthrow Elizabeth but foiled by Sir Francis Walsingham’s espionage work).
worsened anglo Spanish relations and tightened Marys captivity

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2
Q

What made the Spanish stronger in 1580?

A

Annexation of Portugal

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3
Q

what was first objective of armada

A

reach port of grave lines in Spanish Netherlands so army could board

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4
Q

why did Spanish Armada have to retreat

A

unfavourable winds - many ships lost in storm on way back

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5
Q

Who died after advocating attack on Panama?

A

Hawkins and Drake.

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6
Q

Royal prerogative

A

Historical rights and privileges of the Crown, including the right to conduct foreign affairs and to declare war.

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7
Q

why was lady Catherine grey a poor option as a successor

A

while a protestant, she was disgraced after marrying earl of Hereford in secret and had been put in the Tower of London

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8
Q

when did parliament raise issue of marriage (4)

A

Jan 1559. (deflected)

1563 (as Elizabeth has smallpox in Oct 1562 so fear she would die).

1566 (Elizabeth got angry and banned Leicester and Earl of Pembroke from the privy chamber).

1579 after being declared as being able to have a child = potential marriage to Francois Duke of Anjou= brother of King Henry II of France, would have been a child under French influence.

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9
Q

Who was to be named successor?

A

In 1600 James was to be named successor and he already had two sons. Councillors began to ‘woo’ James straight away.

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10
Q

How did MQoS anger the English and the Protestant Lords?

A

Married Lord Darnley (disaster marriage and he had claim to English throne and Mary implicated in husband’s murder)

(later married Darnley’s presumed murderer, the Earl of Bothwell) = brief civil war and Mary fled to England.

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11
Q

When was Elizabeth excommunicated?

A

1570 - led to less tolerance for Catholic’s

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12
Q

state the 4 major plots against Elizabeth

A

Ridolfi
Throckmorton
Parry
Babington

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13
Q

when was parry plot

A

1585

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14
Q

What was the Ridolfi Plot 1571?

A

1) Roberto Ridolfi, an Italian banker, planned to assassinate Elizabeth and make Mary queen. He had the support of King Philip II of Spain, the Duke of Norfolk, and Mary, Queen of Scots herself.
2) The plot was uncovered by Elizabeth’s advisor, Cecil. Norfolk executed

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15
Q

what was the babington plot

A

A plan for the Duke of Guise to invade England, murder Elizabeth and put Mary Queen of Scots on the throne. Mary implicated in plot - led to her execution. exposed by code breaker Phelippes

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16
Q

Where was MQoS put on trial? and why was there a problem

A

Fotheringhay Castle (Privy councillors and nobles were to judge the trial, but many didn’t show as they didn’t want to prosecute the mother of their potential future king).

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17
Q

Who secured the execution of MQoS?

A

Burghley (believed the Queen and protestants were in danger if Mary lived) (used parliamentary petition which Elizabeth refused to sign until 1 Feb 1587).

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18
Q

who was John Hopkins

A

trader who threatened spain after trying to block their trading monopoly in the Caribbean

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19
Q

Where was John Hawkins blockaded by a Spanish fleet? and when

A

Mexican port of Suan Juan de Ulua. 1568

20
Q

what plot worsened anglo Spanish relations

A

ridolfi plot

21
Q

who two entities emerged from uprisings in Netherlands

A

Union of Utrecht (north and protestant).
Union of Arras (Spanish made their peace with Arras and new governor the Duke of Parma could begin reconquest of the northern provinces).

22
Q

why did her councillors want her to marry

A
  • a catholic could inherit it
  • no heir could lead to civil war or a foreign invasion
23
Q

where was Spanish Armada first sighted

A

off coast of Cornwell

24
Q

what did Elizabeth believe she had that meant she didn’t have to marry

A

royal prerogative

25
Q

who were elizabeths main suitors

A

dudley (earl of Leicester) (most favourable but would be political issue due to wifes suspicious death)

Phillip of Spain (catholic)

26
Q

who did Mary queen on Scots marry (3)

A

Francis
lord Darnley
earl of Bothwell

27
Q

when did Elizabeth have nearly deathly smallpox

A

1562

28
Q

when was Mary executed

A

1587

29
Q

when was Ridolfi plot

A

1571

30
Q

when was Throckmorton plot

A

1583

31
Q

when was babington plot

A

1586

32
Q

what was the parry plot

A

Assassination plot (led to the acceleration of parliamentary proceedings on a bill to ensure the Queen’s safety).

33
Q

What treaty did Elizabeth make with the Dutch protestant rebels in 1585?

explain it and if it was effective

A

Treaty of Nonsuch (sent troops to Netherlands under the leadership of the Earl of Leicester) (Leicester quarrelled with the Dutch and returned to England Jan 1588 where he resigned).

34
Q

where did armada set sail from

A

La Courna

35
Q

As well as the Armada, when did England have successes against Spain?

A

Naval attacks in the Caribbean and on mainland Spain 1585 and 1587.
Also 3 English attacks from 1595 vs mainland Spain
also captured Cadiz and sank 4 galleons (Essex).

36
Q

Who was Elizabeth under pressure from to help the Dutch Protestants to defend from Philip who wanted tighter control in the Netherlands?

A

Her protestant councillors Cecil and Walsingham

(she was reluctant to help rebels fighting against sovereignty).

37
Q

What happened in Nov 1568 on an English port

A

Storm forced several Spanish fleets carrying 400,000 florins to take shelter in English ports and the money was impounded by the English (leading to Alba seizing English ships in the Netherlands).

38
Q

French nearly invaded the Netherlands and so what did Elizabeth nearly do?

A

Marry French Duke of Anjou to keep English influence in the Netherlands.

39
Q

when was treaty of nonsuch Made

A

1585

40
Q

how long did Spanish Armada take to prepare

A

2 years !

41
Q

why was Phillip so passionate about Spanish Armada

A

thought he was doing gods work and leading a catholic crusade

42
Q

why was armada delayed in April 1587

A

English successfully attacked Spanish ships on harbour at Cadiz in 1587

43
Q

when did Spanish Armada leave

A

22 July 1588

44
Q

who was leading Spanish army

A

Duke of Parma

45
Q

when did Spanish and English war stop

A

after both Phillip and Elizabeth were dead

46
Q

successful attack by English in 1596

A

captured cadiz and sunk 4 gallons - humiliated Phillip and when he tried to counter it his ships sunk due to a storm

47
Q

Where did war continue vs the Spanish?

A

At sea off western Europe. in the Caribbean. On land in France, Netherlands and Ireland (connected to revolt vs Elizabeth’s rule).

Elizabeth I (3 decks)

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