Foreign Policy Flashcards
What was the idea of Accidental Empire (motive for Imperialism)
How was need for Markets motive for imperialism?
- Empire came about unintentionally due to several unrelated political moves
- usa believed this need could be met with ‘open door’ rather than territorial expansion
- Depression of 1893 stimulated desire to see new markets
- USA faced surplus in farm produce and needed markets to absorb these
What was progressive imperialism?
- what is this shown by?
(motive for imperialism)
- Motivated by a desire to improve the lives of non-americans
- america could civilise the world - as shown by Philippines and hawaii
- shown by removal of yellow fever in Cuba and building of schools and hospitals
How was The end of Westward expansion a motive for Imperialism?
- Westward expansion was a form of imperialism and after the close of the frontier, American attention would inevitably turn abroad
What was preclusive imperialism?
(motive for Imperialism)
- Taking colonies to prevent other countries doing so
How was the Monroe Doctrine a motive for imperialism and when was it passed?
- 1823 - US would not tolerate European expansion in the Americas
When and what was the Roosevelt Corollary ?
- 1904 - US can intervene in Latin America if there is ‘wrong doing’
What were US interests in Samoa?
- Strong German and British interest as a trading post
- Samoan Civil War in 1898
- 1899, Samoan monarchy abolished
- US established a protectorate in the east and the west became a German colony
What were US interests in Hawaii?
- This was to use as a stopping station on the way to China and Japan as well as the economic advantage of Hawaiian sugar
- Since 1875 the USA had imported Hawaiian sugar duty free - increasingly dependent on US economy
- 1890’s, large american presence in Hawaii, Pacific Naval Base and Pearl Harbour
- 1891, Hawaiian queen leads a rebellion. Marines arrived and rebels surrendered in three days.
- July 1898, US annexed Hawaii
What were US interests in The Philippines?
- US purchased from Spain for $20 million as part of Treaty of Paris 1898
3 reasons: - US could ‘civilise’ through democracy and christianity
- Prevent being taken over by Britain, Germany or Japan
- Islands ‘incapable’ of ruling themselves
- Strong resistance by Filipinos resulting in 4 year war of subjugation
What were US interests in Puerto Rico?
- Originally Spanish owned
- US invaded in 1898 during Spanish-American War
- Ruled to belong to US under Organic Act of 1900
What were US interests in Venezuela?
- US intervened during 1895 British-Venezuelan dispute over border in Guiana
- Demanded Britain to send dispute to arbitration - eventually did
What were US interests in the Dominican Republic ?
- 1903, Republic defaulted on the repayment of $40 million of American loans
- 1904, America took control of its customs revenue in order to take back the loan
- president described as ‘big stick policy’
What were US interests in the Panama canal?
- US trying to build canal since 1860s
- 1903, Panamanians stage a revolt for independence from Columbian rule
- Revolt supported by US, sent a battleship and a regiment
Panama achieves independence - Accepts US offer of $10 million for a 16 km wide strip of land to build the Panama Canal through
What were US interests in Nicaragua?
- Important because of proximity to the US, a high level of economic investment in the country as well as the possible Atlantic/Pacific canal site
- 1912, Nicaraguan pro-American president, Adolfo Diaz, threatened by revolution
- US sent in 3,000 troops and made Nicaragua a protectorate
What were US interests in China?
give year!
- No interest in expanding territorially into China
- In 1899, US introduced Open Door Policy
- Later extended to state that the US government would protect the lives and property of US citizens living in China
