FOREIGN POLICY Flashcards
(37 cards)
What is the difference between IR and ir?
-IR(International Relations) The study of International relations. Theory:Realism, liberalism, and constructivism.
-ir(international relations) The relationships among the states.
Practice: Looking at the relationship between Iran and the United States (foreign policy)
What is meant anarchy in terms of IR theory?
The absence of a central authority that sits above the states and can protect them from one another.(There is no world government.)
Who was Machiavelli? What did he write?
- philosopher, Historian, politician, Italian diplomat
- He wrote the Prince
Which important realist concept did Machiavelli introduce?
He introduced political necessity and virtue. What sometimes may seem virtuous in fact leads to ones fall down, while actions that me be seen as vice may lead to ones greater security. the ends to justify means.
Why do realists argue that conflict is inevitable in the international system?
Because states will put their interests before others and different interests are bound conflict.
What is power?
- actual power + latent power = power
What does power consist of?
Power= Actual power+Latent power
What is a bipolar system and what is an example of one?
Stability.
-EX: The cold war (1945-1960)
What is an unbalanced multipolar system and what is an example of one?
world powers fighting for dominance. It is a potential hegemonic power. There is fear and uncertainty.
ex-Napoleonic Wars (1793 - 1815
What was the Cold War
it was an arms race between the US and soviet union
who were the protagonist in the Cold War
Western Europe
What is hegemony?
A state that is so powerful that it dominates the others in the system.
Why would it be difficult to achieve global hegemony?
Can’t project that much power. Nuclear weapons, as long as states have them they can’t be dominated.
What is regional hegemony?
is the influence exercised over neighboring countries by an independently powerful nation, the regional hegemon.
What is a modern example of regional hegemony?
The US.
What do we mean by the stopping of water?
That it is hard to fight/extend power to countries that are overseas or the US has the stopping power of water because there is water on both sides.
Who is Immanuel Kant?
A German philosopher considered to be a central figure of modern philosophy. He argues that fundamental concepts structure human experience and that reason is the source of morality.
What are Kant’s Definitive articles for Perpetual Peace?
- A republican form of government (Democracy.)
- A federation of Free States (a pacific union.)
- Universal hospitality (economic openness
In helping create the league of nations, which US president borrowed heavily from Kantian ideas in doing so?
Woodrow Wilson.
For liberals, how is democracy supposed to make states more peaceful?
International institutions, economic interconnectedness, democracy Mutual Prosperity Engagement
How do international institutions help states cooperate?
- Pushing back time horizons (Regularized interaction)
- Creating norms of reciprocity (tit for tat)
- Issue linkage
- Reputational effects for cheating.
- Assignment for the responsibility of monitoring and sanctioning of agreements.
Be able to describe the current direction of our relations with china. From a foreign policy perspective, have we taken a realist or liberal approach?
China is challenging US dominance. Chinese trade with Latin America. China is the top trading partner of a number of Latin American nations. We have taken a liberal approach.
What is contained in article II of NPT?
Nations that don’t have nuclear weapons can’t buy, trade, build, or build technology for nuclear weapons.
What is contained in article IV of NPT?
A peaceful purpose clause. As a state you have the right to develop nuclear technology only for peaceful purposes only.
