FOREARM, WRIST AND HAND Flashcards
FOREARM
- extends from elbow to wrist
TWO BONES IN FOREARM
- ulna
- radius
CAPITULUM FUNCTION
- articulation with the head of the radius
MEDIAL EPICONDYLE FUNCTION
- insertion of muscles in the posterior forearm
TUBEROSITY OF RADIUS FUNCTION
- insertion for biceps brachii (supernation)
HEAD OF ULNA ARTICULATING WITH ULNAR NOTCH OF RADIUS FUNCTION
- forms distal radial ulna joint
OLECRANON ARTICULATING WITH OLECRANON FOSSA OF HUMERUS
- insertion for triceps brachii
INTRAOSSEOUS MEMBRANE
- strong fibrous membrane running from radius to ulna
- supernation & pronation
- site of muscle attachment
FINGER JOINT (METACARPOPHALANGEAL) MOVEMENTS
- flexion & extension
- adduction & abduction
FINGER JOINT (METACARPOPHALANGEAL) FUNCTIONAL SHAPE
- ellipsoid
FINGER JOINT (INTERPHALANGEAL) MOVEMENTS
- flexion & extension
FINGER JOINT (INTERPHALANGEAL) FUNCTIONAL MOVEMENT
- hinge
WRIST JOINT HISTOLOGICAL
- synovial
WRIST JOINT FUNCTIONAL SHAPE
- ellipsoid
WRIST JOINT ARTICULATIONS
- midcarpal (just above proximal row)
- radiocarpal (wrist joint is)
WRIST JOINT ARTICULAR SURFACES
- distal (radiocarpal jt) = triqutrium, lunate, scaphoid
- proximal = articular discs, radius
WRIST MOVEMENT REASONS
add > abd = distal projection of radial styloid
flex > exten = projection of post. aspect of radial articular surface
WRIST MOVEMENT, LOCATION, MUSCLE (FLEX)
- flexion, anterior, flexor carpi radialis (FCR)
WRIST MOVEMENT, LOCATION, MUSCLE (EXTEN)
- extension, posterior, extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU)
WRIST MOVEMENT, LOCATION, MUSCLE (ADD)
- adduction, lateral, extensor carpi radalis longus (ECRL)
WRIST MOVEMENT, LOCATION, MUSCLE (ABD)
- abduction, medial, flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU)
WRIST LIGAMENTS
- attach carpal bones to radius
ACTIVE INSUFFICIENCY MULTI-JOINT
- FDP flexor digitorium pollicis
PASSIVE INSUFFICIENCY MULTI-JOINT
- ED extensor digitorium
RETINACULA FLEXOR
- attaches carpal bones, forms carpal tunnel
SYNOVIAL TENDON SHEATHS
- where tendons lie under retinacula
CARPAL TUNNEL
- between forearm and palm of the hand
CARPAL TUNNEL BOUNDARIES
- carpal bones
- flexor retinacula
CARPAL TUNNEL CONTENTS
- FDS tendons (4)
- FDP tendons (4)
- FPL
- median nerve
CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME
- caused by inflammation in tendons or synovial sheaths
ANATOMICAL SNUFF BOX
- lateral forearm to the hand
ANATOMICAL SNUFF BOX BOUNDARIES
- EPL ( posteriorally = medially)
- EPB (anteriorllu = laterraly )
- extensor retinaculum
ANATOMICAL SNUFF BOX CONTENTS
-radial artery
ARCHES OF THE HAND
- all mobile except transverse carpal
ARCHES OF THE HAND FUNCTION
- conform the shape of objects
AXES OF THE HAND AND THUMB
- the middle finger is the axis of add/abd of digits
- always to the right of a digit
THUMB MOVEMENTS
- flexion (thumb inside of the palm)
- the extension ( thumb out)
- adduction (thumb towards yourself if the palm is facing down)
- abduction (thumb down towards the ground)
- opposition ( thumb to your pinkie)
DIGITS
- flexes fingers around an object during grasp
CMC JOINTS FINGER HISTOLOGICAL
- plane/ gliding
CMC JOINTS FINGER FUNCTION
- medial movement but not a movement in 2nd digit
CMC THUMB JOINT HISTOLOGICAL
- saddle joint
- biaxial
METACARPOPHALANGEAL JOINT STRUCTURE
- Palmer plates
- not in thumb
FIBROUS FLEXOR SHEATHS STRUCTURE
- dense fibrous CT forms retinaculum
FIBROUS FLEXOR SHEATHS FUNCTION
- prevent bowstringing of flexor tendons
MEDIAN NERVE
- principle nerve of forearm
- travels through cubital fossa medial to brachial artery descends between FDS and FDP
MEDIAN NERVE INNERVATION
- all anterior muscles except FCU and FDP
MEDIAN NERVE MUSCLES
- superfical, intermiate, deep (anterior interrosseous n)
ULNAR NERVE
- travels posterior to medial epicondyle
- descends forearm medially b/w FCU and FDP
ULNAR NERVE INNERVATION
- structures of the hand
ULNAR NERVE MUSCLES
- muscles FCU and FDP
RADIAL NERVE
- enters cubital fossa
- divides into superfical and deep branches
RADIAL NERVE SUPERFICIAL
- cutaneous innervation to the dorsum of the hand
RADIAL NERVE DEEP
- travelling posteriorly it pierces supinator = posterior interosseous nerve
RADIAL ARTERY FOREARM
- runs under brachioradialis
RADIAL ARTERY HAND
- crosses floor of anatomical ‘snuff box’
ULNAR ARTERY FOREARM
- deep to superficial and intermediate flexors
VEINS CEPHALIC
- ascends in subcutaneous tissue from dorsal arch along the anterolateral forearm
VEINS BASILIC
- ascends in subcutaneous tissue from dorsal arch along medial forearm
PRONATOR TERES JOINT CROSSED
- elbow
PRONATOR TERES POSITION OF RELATIVE JOINT
- anterior
PRONATOR TERES ACTIONS
- flexion (elbow), pronantion
PRONATOR TERES NERVE SUPPLY
- median nerve
PRONATOR TERES ORIGIN
- medial epicondyle of humerus
PRONATOR TERES INSERTION
- middle of the lateral surface of radius
FLEXOR CARPI RADIALIS JOINT CROSSED
- wrist
FLEXOR CARPI RADIALIS POSITION OF RELATIVE JOINT
- anterolateral
FLEXOR CARPI RADIALIS JOINT CROSSED ACTIONS
- flexion and abduction of hand (at wrist)
FLEXOR CARPI RADIALIS JOINT CROSSED NERVE SUPPLY
- median nerve
FLEXOR CARPI RADIALIS JOINT CROSSED ORIGIN
- medial epicondyle of humerus
FLEXOR CARPI RADIALIS JOINT CROSSED INSERTION
- base of metacarpals 2 & 4
PALMARIS LONGUS JOINT CROSSED
- wrist
PALMARIS LONGUS POSITION OF RELATIVE JOINT
- anterior
PALMARIS LONGUS ACTIONS
- flexion of hand (at wrist) and tenses palmar fascia
PALMARIS LONGUS NERVE SUPPLY
- median nerve
PALMARIS LONGUS ORIGIN
- medial epicondyle of humerus
PALMARIS LONGUS INSERTION
- distal half of flexor retinaculum
FLEXOR CARPI ULNARIS JOINT CROSSED
- wrist
FLEXOR CARPI ULNARIS POSITION OF RELATIVE JOINT
- anterolateral
FLEXOR CARPI ULNARIS ACTIONS
- flexion and abduction of wrist
FLEXOR CARPI ULNARIS NERVE SUPPLE
- ulnar nerve
FLEXOR CARPI ULNARIS ORIGIN
- medial epicondyle of humerus
FLEXOR CARPI ULNARIS INSERTION
- the base of the 5th metacarpal
ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT SUFERFICIAL MUSCLES
- pronator teres
- flexor carpi radalis
- palmaris longus
- flexor carpi ulnaris
ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT INTERMIDATE MUSCLES
- flexor digitorium superficialis
FLEXOR DIGITORIUM SUPERFICIALIS JOINT CROSSED
- metacarpophalangeal joint
FLEXOR DIGITORIUM SUPERFICIALIS POSITION OF RELATIVE JOINT
- anterior
FLEXOR DIGITORIUM SUPERFICIALIS ACTIONS
- flexion of digits 2-5
FLEXOR DIGITORIUM SUPERFICIALIS NERVE SUPPLY
- median nerve
FLEXOR DIGITORIUM SUPERFICIALIS ORIGIN
- medial epicondyle of humerus
FLEXOR DIGITORIUM SUPERFICIALIS INSERTION
- shafts of middle phalanges of digits 2-5
ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT DEEP MUSCLES
- flexor digitorium profundus
- flexor pollicis longus
- pronator quadratus
FLEXOR DIGITORIUM PROFONDUS JOINT CROSSED
- wrist, MCP, PIPJ, DIPJ
FLEXOR DIGITORIUM PROFONDUS POSITION OF RELATIVE JOINT
- posterior
FLEXOR DIGITORIUM PROFONDUS ACTIONS
- flexion wrist and digits 2-5
FLEXOR DIGITORIUM PROFONDUS NERVE SUPPLY
- median nerve and 1/2 ulna nerve
FLEXOR DIGITORIUM PROFONDUS ORIGIN
- ulna
FLEXOR DIGITORIUM PROFONDUS INSERTION
- proximal phalanges 2-5