Forearm Muscles Flashcards
Pronator Teres origin
Superficial flexor
Humeral head: medial supracondylar ridge
Ulnar head: coronoid process
Pronator teres insertion
Superficial flexor
Middle of lateral surface of the radius
Pronator teres innervation and spinal level
Superficial flexor
Median C6,7
Pronator teres action
Superficial flexor
Pronator forearm; assist forearm flexion
Flexor carpi radialis (FCR) origin
Superficial flexor
Medial epicodyle of humerus
Flexor carpi radialis (FCR) insertion
Superficial flexor
Base of 2nd (& 3rd) metacarpals
Flexor Carpi Radialis (FCR) innervation and spinal level
Superficial flexor
Median C6,7
Flexor Carpi Radialis (FCR) action
Superficial flexor
Flexion and radial deviation of hand; assist forearm pronation
Palmaris longus origin
Superficial flexor
Medial epicondyle of humerus
Palmaris longus insertion
Superficial flexor
Palmar aponeurosis
Palmaris longus innervation and spinal level
Superficial flexor
Median C 7,8
Palmaris longus action
Superficial flexor
Flex at wrist? , weakly assist elbow flexion
Flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU) origin
Superficial flexor
Humeral head: medial epicondyle of humerus
Ulnar head: olecranon and adjacent ulnar shaft
Flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU) insertion
Superficial flexor
Pisiform, hook of the base of the hamate, 5th metacarpal
Flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU) innervation and spinal level
Superficial flexor
Ulnar C7 C8 T1
Flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU) action
Superficial flexor
Flex At wrist ; ulnar deviation of hand
Flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) origin
Humeral-ulnar head: medial epicondyle
Radial head: anterior, upper 1/2 or radius
Flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) insertion
Splits to attach to lateral aspects of base of the middle phalanx of digits 2-5
Flexor digitorum superficialis innervation and spinal level
Median C7,8 T1
Flexor digitorum superficialis action
Flex middle phalanges at PIP joint; assist MCP flexion and flexion at wrist, weak elbow flexor
Flexor digitorum profundus origin
Proximal 2/3 of anteromedial shaft of ulna and interosseous membrane
Flexor digitorum profundus insertion
Base of the distal phalanx of digits 2-5
Flexor digitorum profundus innervation and spinal level
Radial part: median C8, T1
Ulnar part: ulnar C8, T1
Flexor digitorum profundus action
Flex DIP of fingers 2-5; secondary flexor at PIP and MCP joints; assists flexion at the wrist
Flexor pollicis longus origin
Middle anterior surface of radius and adjacent interosseous membrane
Flexor pollicis longus insertion
Base of distal phalanx of thumb (palmar surface)
Flexor pollicis longus innervation and spinal level
Median C7,8
Flexor Pollicis action
Flex thumb at CMC, MCP, and IP joint
Pronator quadratus origin
Distal 1/4 of the anterior surface of the ulna
Pronator quadratus insertion
Distal 1/4 of the anterior surface of the radius
Pronator quadratus innervation and spinal level
Median C7,8
Pronator quadratus action
Probate forearm, distal radioulnar stabilization
Brachioradialis origin
Lateral supracondylar ridge, intermuscular septum
Brachioradialis insertion
Lateral side of distal radius (styloid process)
Brachioradialis innervation and spinal level
Radial C5,6
Brachioradialis action
Flex elbow; assist pronation and supination (from extremes of each it will assist in return to neutral)
Extensor carpi radialis longus origin
Lateral supracondylar ridge, lateral intermuscular septum
Extensor carpi radialis longus insertion
Dorsum of base of 2nd metacarpal
Extensor carpi radialis longus innervation and spinal level
Radial C6,7
Extensor carpi radialis longus action
Extend wrist, radially deviate hand, weak supination
Extensor carpi radialis brevis origin
Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Extensor carpi radialis brevis insertion
Dorsum of base of 3rd metacarpal
Extensor carpi radialis brevis innervation and spinal level
Radial C7,8
Extensor carpi radialis brevis action
Extend wrist, assist radial deviation of hand
Extensor digitorum origin
Lateral epicondyle of humerus (via common extensor tendon)
Extensor digitorum insertion
Extensor expansion of digits 2-5 (to proximal ,middle, and distal phalanges)
Extensor digitorum innervation and spinal level
Radial C7,8
Extensor digitorum action
Extend at MCP and IP joints; assist extension at wrist
Extensor digit minimi origin
Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Extensor digitorum minimi insertion
Extensor expansion of little finger
Extensor digit minimi innervation and spinal level
Radial C7,8
Extensor digit minimi action
Extension at MCP and IP joints of little finger ; weak wrist extension, ulnar deviation and abduction of 5th digit
Extensor carpi ulnaris origin
Lateral epicondyle of humerus and midshaft of posterior ulna
Extensor carpi ulnaris insertion
Dorsum of base of 5th metacarpal
Extensor carpi ulnaris innervation and spinal level
Radial C7,8
Extensor carpi ulnaris action
Extend and ulnarly deviate hand
Supinator origin
Lateral epicondyle of humerus, lateral collateral and annular ligaments, supinate crest of ulna (on olecranon)
Supinator insertion
Lateral and anterior surface of proximal 1/3 of radius
Supinator innervation and spinal level
Radial C6,7
Supinator action
Supinate forearm
Abductor pollicis longus origin
Posterior surfaces of middle 1/3 of radius, ulna, and interosseous membrane
Abductor pollicis longus insertion
Lateral (radial) side of base of 1st metacarpal
Abductor pollicis longus innervation and spinal level
Radial C7,8
Abductor pollicis longus action
Abduct thumb; radially deviate and flex at wrist
Extensor pollicis brevis origin
Posterior surface of the distal radius, interosseous membrane
Extensor pollicis brevis insertion
Dorsum of base of proximal phalanx of thumb
Extensor pollicis brevis innervation and spinal level
Radial C7,8
Extensor pollicis brevis action
Extend proximal phalanx of 5u,b; assist extension at carpometacarpal joint, assist radial deviation at wrist
Extensor pollicis longus origin
Middle 1/3 of posterior shaft of ulna and interosseous membrane (just distal to APL)
Extensor pollicis longus insertion
Dorsum of base of distal phalanx of thumb
Extensor pollicis longus innervation and spinal level
Radial C7,8
Extensor pollicis longus action
Extend IP and MCP joints of thumb; assist radial deviation of wrist; CMC adduction; weak wrist extension
Extensor Indicus origin
Distal shaft of ulna and interosseous membrane
Extensor indicus insertion
Index finger-within tendon sheath for extensor digitorum (continuous with ED), extensor hood
Extensor indicus innervation and spinal level
Radial C7,8
Extensor indicus action
Extends all joints of index finger; assist adduction; weak wrist extension