Forces of Evolution

Question 1

Gene frequencies 


Answer 1

qualifications of traits

Question 1

Evolution

Answer 1

Change in allele (gene) frequency from one generation to the next and a change in gene pools

Question 2

Gene pool 


Answer 2

all genes in a population

Question 3

Forces of evolution

Answer 3

Factors that cause changes in gene frequencies in a population over time

Question 4

Mutation

Answer 4

Change in DNA sequence

Question 5

Mutation (Base change)

Answer 5

Point mutations- change in single base. Example: Sickle cell anemia

Question 6

Mutation ( Change in DNA sequence)

Answer 6

Segment change like insertion, deletion, Trinuclerotide repeats (disorders) like Huntington disease

Question 7

Mutation for cells

Answer 7

in some somatic cells they affect individuals and in sex cells they can affect offspring. They usually occur at low rates, usually gets repaired, and if not repaired, then usually impairs function (miscarriage) and they do not get inherited very often

Question 8

Main source of NEW VARIATION

Answer 8

Evolution

Question 9

Natural Selection by forces of evolution

Answer 9

Differential survival and reproduction of some individuals ( with certain heritable traits) over others ( without those traits)

Question 10

Adaption to environment

Answer 10

Change in environment- change in selection pressure- change in traits

Question 11

Conditions for Evolution by Natural Selection

Answer 11

Variation in trait, Variation is heritable, and differential reproductive success ( fitness and competition)

Question 12

Types of Natural Selection

Answer 12

Differential selection, Stabilizing selection, and disruptive selection

Question 13

Natural Selection

Answer 13

They can change a population over time (Evolution) and keep a population the same over time (Stasis)

Question 14

Sickle-Cell Anemia

Answer 14

Point mutation on hemoglobin allele and less efficient hemoglobin

Question 15

Malaria

Answer 15

Caused by parasite Plasmodium, transmitted by mosquitos, and invades red blood cells

Question 16

Heterozygote Advantage

Answer 16

Heterozygote more fir than either Homozygote and both alleles populations

Question 17

Gene flow

Answer 17

movement of genes between populations and can increase genetic diversity

Question 18

Genetic drift

Answer 18

Change in gene frequencies due to random chance factors/ small population size and can reduce genetic diversity

Question 19

Genetic drift ( pt 2)

Answer 19

Founder effect and Genetic Bottleneck

Question 20

Founder effect

Answer 20

new populations become isolated from the parent population