forces, motion, levers Flashcards
Newton’s First Law of Motion
An object will not change its motion unless a force acts on it
Newton’s Second Law of Motion
When an unbalanced force acts on a body, the body is accelerated in the direction of a force
Newton’s Third Law of Motion
For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
What is Mass
Mass is the amount of matter in an object and is measured in kilograms
What is Weight
Weight is a force and is caused by the pull of gravity acting on a mass - weight is measured in Newtons and can very depending on where it is in the universe
Formula for Weight
Weight (N) = Mass (KG) X Gravity (N/KG)
Distance, Speed, Time Formula
Distance = Speed X Time (SDT)
Motion DEF
The action or process of moving or being moved
Inertia DEF
The natural tendency for an object in motion to stay in motion
Velocity DEF
The speed of something in a given direction - Measured in M/S
Force, Mass, Acceleration Formula
Force = Mass X Acceleration (MFA)
Acceleration is measured in m/s squared
Elastic Limit DEF
The maximum extent to which a solid may be stretched without permanent alteration of size or shape
When the elastic limit is reached, some atomic bonds are fractured causing permanent deformation and rendering it unable to return to its original form
Hooke’s Law
The strain of the material is proportional to the applied stress within the elastic limit of that material
Pressure, Force, Area Formula
Pressure = Force/Area (PFA)
Pressure is measured in N/CM squared
Pressure can also be measured in Pascals
Gas Pressure DEF
Gas pressure is the force of the gas particles colliding with the walls of their container
Centre of Gravity DEF
The centre of gravity as the point around which a body’s weight is equally balanced in all directions
Lever DEF
A lever is a rigid bar resting on a pivot, used to move a heavy load when pressure is applied to one end
Load DEF
The load is the object you are trying to move
Effort DEF
The effort is the force applied to move the load
Fulcrum DEF
The fulcrum (pivot) is the point where the load is pivoted
Moment DEF
A moment is a turning force - Moments are measured in NCM (NXCM)
Moment, Force, Distance Formula
Moment = Force X Distance (From Fulcrum)
