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Physics Topic 1 > Forces and Motion > Flashcards

Forces and Motion Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a vector quantity?

A

A quantity with both size and direction.

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2
Q

What is a scalar quantity?

A

A quantity of size but has no direction.

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3
Q

Name a vector quantity.

A

Force, velocity, momentum etc.

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4
Q

Name a scalar quantity.

A

Distance, speed, energy, time etc.

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5
Q

What is the equation used to calculate speed?

A

Speed = Distance / Time

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6
Q

Rearrange the equation used to calculate speed, to find out distance instead?

A

Distance = Speed x Time

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7
Q

Rearrange the equation used to calculate speed, to find out time instead?

A

Time = Distance / Speed

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8
Q

What does a horizontal line on a distance/time graph mean?

A

The object is stationary.

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9
Q

What does a straight, sloping line on a distance/time graph mean?

A

The object is moving at a constant speed.

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10
Q

What does the gradient of the line on a distance/time graph tell us?

A

The speed the object is travelling.

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11
Q

What is the equation used to calculate acceleration?

A

Acceleration = change in velocity (final - initial) / time taken

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12
Q

A man walks 100 metres in 25 seconds. What is his speed?

A

Speed = distance / time

100m / 25s = 4 m/s

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13
Q

A car accelerates from 2 m/s to 10 m/s in 4 seconds. What is the car’s acceleration.

A

Acceleration = change in velocity (final - initial) / time

10 m/s - 2 m/s = 8 m/s
8 m/s / 4s = 2 m/s^2

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14
Q

Which equation links acceleration, initial velocity, final velocity and distance travelled?

A

(Final velocity)^2 - (initial velocity)^2 = 2 x acceleration x distance

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15
Q

What value is known as the acceleration due to gravity?

A

10 m/s^2

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16
Q

What does the horizontal line show on a velocity/time graph?

A

The object is moving at a constant velocity.

17
Q

What does a sloping line on a velocity/time graph mean?

A

The object is accelerating.

18
Q

What does a line below the horizontal axis on a velocity/time graph show?

A

The object is moving in the opposite direction.

19
Q

What does the area under a velocity/time graph represent?

A

The distance the object has travelled.

20
Q

What is Newton’s first law of motion?

A

A moving object will continue to move at the same speed in the same direction unless an external force acts on it and a stationary object will remain at rest unless an external force acts on it.

21
Q

What is mass?

A

The amount of matter there is in an object.

22
Q

What is weight?

A

A measure of the pull of gravity on an object (depends on the strength of gravity).

23
Q

What is the equation used to calculate weight?

A

Weight = mass x gravitational field strength

24
Q

What is Newton’s second law of motion?

A

Acceleration in the direction of a resultant force depends on the size of the force and the mass of the object.

25
Q

What is the equation used to calculate force?

A

Force = Mass x Acceleration

26
Q

What is the definition of inertial mass?

A

The force on it divided by the acceleration that force produces.

27
Q

What is the difference between action-reaction forces and balanced forces?

A

Action-reaction forces act on different objects and balanced forces act on the same object.

28
Q

Why don’t action-reaction forces that occur during a collision always have the same effects on the two objects?

A

The objects might have different masses.

29
Q

What is momentum?

A

The tendency of an object to keep moving, or how hard it is to stop it moving.

30
Q

What is the equation used to calculate momentum?

A

Momentum = Mass x Velocity

31
Q

What is the conservation of momentum?

A

When moving objects collide the total momentum of both objects is the same before the collision as it is after.

32
Q

How does an increased speed affect thinking and braking distance?

A

Thinking and braking distance both increase.

33
Q

What is the equation used to calculate stopping distance?

A

Stoping distance = Thinking distance + Braking distance

Physics Topic 1 (1 decks)

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