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Year 11 Additional Physics > Forces and Motion > Flashcards

Forces and Motion Flashcards

(82 cards)

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1
Q

What is velocity?

A

Both speed and direction

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2
Q

Speed?

A

How fast you are going

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3
Q

What does the gradient of a distance time graph tell you

A

How fast the object is travelling (speed)

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4
Q

Gradient in (distance time graph)

A

Change in distance divided by the change in time

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5
Q

If the graph is flat it means (distance time graph)

A

Its stationary/ stopped

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6
Q

If the graph is straight (distance time graph)

A

Its travelling at a steady speed, uphill or downhill

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7
Q

The steeper the graph (distance time graph)

A

The faster its going

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8
Q

If the graph is going downhill (distance time graph)

A

Going back towards it s starting point

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9
Q

If the graph curves (distance time graph)

A

Its accelerating or decelerating

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10
Q

A steep curve means (distance time graph)

A

Speeding up (increasing gradient)

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11
Q

Graph is levelling off (distance time graph)

A

Slowing down (decreasing gradient)

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12
Q

Speed from a distance time graph

A

Speed = gradient = vertical 30
————– —– 16.7 m/s
horizontal 50

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13
Q

Acceleration in velocity- time graphs

A

How quickly velocity is changing

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14
Q

How can the velocity be changed

A

Change in SPEED or Change in DIRECTION or BOTH

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15
Q

Formula of acceleration (velocity- time graph)

A

A = Change in velocity
—————————–
Time taken

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16
Q

Gradient (velocity- time graph)

A

Acceleration

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17
Q

Flat sections (velocity- time graph)

A

Steady speed

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18
Q

The steeper the graph (velocity- time graph)

A

The greater the deceleration/ acceleration

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19
Q

Uphill (velocity- time graph)

A

Acceleration

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20
Q

Downhill (velocity- time graph)

A

Deceleration

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21
Q

Curve (velocity- time graph)

A

Changing acceleration

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22
Q

Acceleration (velocity- time graph)

A

A = gradient = vertical change 30
—————————- —— 1.5 m/s2
Horizontal change 20

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23
Q

Finding the distance (velocity- time graph)

A

Velocity x time

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24
Q

Gravitational force

A

Force of attraction between all masses

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25
Masses are
Really big e.g. a planet | - Anything near a planet or star is attracted to it very strongly
26
Gravitational pull of the earth
10 N/Kg
27
Are weight and mass the same
No
28
Mass
The amount of 'stuff' in an object | - This object will have the same value anywhere in the universe
29
Weight
Caused by the pull of the gravitational force | - Weight of an object is the force of gravity pulling it towards the centre of the earth
30
A 1 Kg mass will weigh ....... on the moon because
Less | because the gravitational force pulling on it is les
31
Weight is a ..... and is measured in ....
- Force | - Newton's
32
Mass is .... and is measured in ....
- Not a force | - Kg or a mass balance
33
Formula for weight
weight = mass x gravitational field strength
34
Gravitational pull of the moon
1.6 N/Kg
35
Resultant force
Overall force on a point or object/ change in velocity
36
In a situation there are at least ........
Two resultant forces acting on an object along any direction
37
Effect of resultant forces
- They decide the motion of the object | - Whether it will accelerate, decelerate or stay at a steady speed
38
What happens if the forces act along the same line (parallel)
- The overall effect is found by adding or subtracting the forces
39
What is the overall force called
The resultant force
40
Force of gravity on the stationary teapot
Acting downwards
41
Reaction force on the stationary teapot
Pushing up on the object from the surface
42
What would happen if there wasn't a reaction force
It would accelerate downwards, due to the gravitational pull
43
Car has 1000 N of driving force and has to overcome 600 N of air resistance. What is the resultant force? Will the cars velocity change?
Resultant force = 400 N | Velocity WILL change, an acceleration
44
If the resultant force on a stationary object is zero
The object will remain stationary
45
No resultant force on a moving object
It will carry on moving at the same velocity
46
What are the forces on a train or bus when it is moving at a constant velocity
Balanced
47
How can you keep going at a steady speed
Zero resultant force
48
If there is a non- resultant force
Then the object will accelerate in the direction of the force
49
A non- resultant force will always produce
Acceleration
50
If there's an overall force it will always
Accelerate
51
You get steady speed when there is
Zero resultant force
52
F
= resultant force
53
M
= Mass
54
A
= Acceleration
55
Formula of a resultant force
F = M X A
56
Resulting force means
Acceleration
57
Reaction forces are
Equal and opposite
58
When two objects intereact, what are they forces like
They exert on each other and are equal and opposite
59
If skater A pushed skater B she feels (action force)
An equal and opposite force from skater B's hand (reaction force)
60
Both skaters feel the
Same sized force, in opposite directions, so they ACCELERATE from each other
61
Friction
Slows things down
62
What direction does friction act
In the opposite direction to movement
63
To travel at a steady pace the driving force needs to be
Balanced
64
When do you get friction
When two surfaces are in contact or when an object passes through a fluid (drag)
65
If drag increases
The speed increases
66
As speed increases
Friction builds up
67
What happens to acceleration as friction builds up?
It gradually reduces until the frictional force is equal to the accelerating force
68
Drag is also called
Air resistance
69
What happens when an object meets terminal velocity
It will fall at a steady speed
70
What is the accelerating object acting on all falling objects
Gravity
71
What effects your thinking distance
- How fast you're going | - How dopey you are (tiredness, alcohol, drugs)
72
What effects your stopping distance
- Spotting the hazard | - Vehicle stopping
73
Stopping distance + Thinking distance =
Braking distance
74
The faster you're going the...
Greater your stopping distance
75
What is the braking distance
The distance the car travels under the breaking force
76
What effects the braking distance
- How fast your going (further it takes to stop) - Quality of the brakes - Quality of the tyres ( minimum tread depth of 1.6) - Quality of grip (depends road surface, weather, tyres)
77
What happens when you apply force to an elastic object
It is stored as elastic potential energy - It stretches - Change in shape
78
What happens when a spring bounces back
- Elastic potential energy is converted into kinetic energy | - When the force is removed, the object returns back to original shape
79
The extension of the spring is...
Directly proportional to the load or force
80
What is extension measured in
Metres (m)
81
What is force measured in
Newtons per meter (n/m)
82
What is the maximum force that an elastic object can take called
Limit of proportionality

Year 11 Additional Physics (2 decks)

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