Forces And Motion Flashcards
What is a vector quantity?
A quantity with magnitude and direction (e.g., velocity, force).
What is a scalar quantity?
A quantity with magnitude only (e.g., speed, mass, time).
What is a resultant force?
A single force that has the same effect as all the forces acting on an object.
What is Newton’s First Law?
An object stays at rest or moves at constant velocity unless acted on by a resultant force.
What is Newton’s Second Law?
F = ma (Force = Mass × Acceleration)
What is Newton’s Third Law?
Every action has an equal and opposite reaction.
What are the two parts of stopping distance?
Thinking distance + Braking distance
What factors affect thinking distance?
•Reaction time (drugs, tiredness, distractions)
• Speed
What factors affect braking distance?
• Speed
• Road conditions (ice, wet roads)
• Brake condition
• Tyre condition
What is the principle of conservation of momentum?
Total momentum before a collision = Total momentum after (if no external forces).
How do airbags and seatbelts protect passengers?
They increase the time taken to stop, reducing force on the body.
