Forces and Motion Flashcards
What is a frame of reference?
The background used as a comparison to determine the motion of an object.
What are newtons?
Units of force.
What is friction?
The force that opposes motion.
What is gravity?
The forces of attraction between two objects.
What does Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation state?
All objects in the universe attract each other by the force of gravity.
What happens to gravitational pull as the distance between two objects increases?
It will decrease.
An object with a greater mass will have a ____________ gravitational pull than an object with less mass.
Greater.
What is mass?
A measure of the amount of matter in an object.
What is weight?
A measure of the force of gravity on an object.
What is air resistance?
Fluid friction acting on an object moving through the air.
What is inertia?
The tendency of an object to resist a change in motion.
What is the relationship between mass and inertia?
The more mass, the more inertia.
What does Newton’s First Law state?
An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.
What is the equation for Newton’s second law?
Force equals mass times acceleration.
What does Newton’s Second Law explain?
The acceleration of an object depends on the size of the force and the mass of the object.
What does Newton’s Third Law state?
For every action force there is an equal and opposite reaction force.
What is momentum?
A property of a moving object that depends on the object’s mass and velocity which affects how difficult it is to stop.
What is the Law of Conservation of Momentum?
Anytime two or more objects interact, momentum is exchanged, but the total amount of momentum stays the same.
How does a rocket ship take off?
The explosion of the engine exerts a force on the launch pad. The launch pad exerts an equal and opposite force back up on the rocket ship.
Why do you fly forward when the driver slams on the brakes?
Newton’s first law of motion states that once in motion, your inertia will keep you in motion.
Why is it harder to move a more massive object?
Newton’s second law explains that the greater an object’s mass, the amount of force required for acceleration increases proportionally.
What is acceleration?
The rate at which velocity is changing. The change may be in magnitude, direction, or both.
What is force?
Any push or pull on an object.
What are balanced forces?
Equal forces acting in opposite directions; there is no change in motion.
What are unbalanced forces?
Different forces acting in different directions; the result is acceleration.
What is sliding friction?
Type of friction that opposes the motion of flat surfaces moving next to each other.
What is rolling friction?
Type of friction resulting from an object such as a wheel or ball bearing.
What is fluid friction?
The type of friction resulting from an object moving through liquids or gases.
What is net force?
The overall force acting on an object after all the forces are combined.
