Forces and Motion Flashcards
Mass
The amount of matter in an object
Mass is always constant
Mass is a scalar quantity
Weight
The force of gravity acting on a mass
Weight is different on different plants because ‘g’ is different
Weight is vector quantity
It is a force that always acts in the downwards direction
Scalars
Only magnitude
Resultant is found by simple arithmetic operations
Scalars will always positive
Vectors
Magnitude+ direction
Resultant is found by geometric functions
Vectors can be negative, positive, or even zero
Distance and Displacement
Distance: The actual path travelled
Displacement: The shortest possible distance between the start point and the end point
Acceleration
The change of rate of velocity
A=(v-u)/t
Slope
Rise/run
(y2-y1)/(x2-x1)
Delta y/ delta x
Forces
Force is the push or pull effect
Unit of Force is Newton(N)
It can change speed, direction, and shape of an object
Force is a vector quantity
Resultant/ Net force is the overall forec acting on a body
Balanced Forces
If an object is at rest it continues to be at rest
If an object is in motion it continues to be in motion (in the same direction and speed)
Unbalanced Forces
If an object is at rest, it begins to move in the direction of the resultant force
If the resultant force is in the same direction as the object in motion, the speed increases
If the resultant force is in the opposite direction as the object in motion, the speed increases
Normal
It is a constant force that is perpendicular to the surface
Friction
It is a contact force which arises due to sliding between 2 surfaces
It generates heat
Air Drag
Opposing force becuase of air molecules
Faster the speed, more the air resistance
Terminal Velocity
An object reaches terminal velocity when the upward force due to air resistance becomes equal to the downward force due to weight
Therefore acceleration and resultant force become 0
Momentum
M= p X v
Unit: Kg m/s
Impulse= F X t
Unit: Ns
