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7K > Forces > Flashcards

Forces Flashcards

1
Q

what are forces

A

pushes or pulls

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2
Q

Forces can :

A

change the size or shape of an object
change the speed things are moving (make them faster or slower)
change the direction of a moving object

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3
Q

what is the unit for measuring forces

A

newton (N)

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4
Q

what are contact forces

A

a force that acts at the point of contact between two objects

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5
Q

what do contact forces need to do

A

need to tough the thing that they are affecting

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6
Q

examples of contact forces

A

friction, air resistance, water resistance, upthrust

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7
Q

what are non-contact forces

A

forces that don’t need to tough the ting that they are affecting

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8
Q

examples of no-contact forces

A

magnetism, gravity, static electricity

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9
Q

example of balanced forces

A

if the upwards and downwards forces on a balloon are balanced. the balloon will not move.
the upwards force- upthrust and the downwards force- force from the string are balanced

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10
Q

why doesn’t a rocket in space need to use its engine to keep moving.

A

because there is no air in space, so there is no air resistance to slow it down.

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11
Q

example of balanced forces in water

A

if you are floating in a swimming pool, your weight and upthrust are balanced

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12
Q

how can you decide if something is floating

A

by working out its density

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13
Q

what is density

A

the mass of a certain volume of something

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14
Q

how can density be calculated

A

density = mass divided by volume

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15
Q

unit for density

A

g/cm3

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16
Q

density of water

A

1g/cm3

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17
Q

when will an object sink or float

A

if an object has a density less than 1g/cm3it will float

if the density is greater than 1g/cm3 it will sink

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18
Q

how will elastic materials stretch with a force

A

stretch with a force and then return to their original shape when the force is taken away

19
Q

how will plasticise materials stretch with a force

A

will stretch with a force but they will not return to their original shape afterwards

20
Q

what is used to measure a force and why

A

a force meter, because they have springs in them that are elastic

21
Q

what is mass

A

the amount of substance in your body

22
Q

what is mass measured in

A

kilograms (kg)

23
Q

what is the weight

A

a force caused by gravity pulling on your body

24
Q

what will change/remain when you move an object

A

its mass will not change but its weight depends on the force of gravity

25
Q

weight difference between earth and moon

A

an object on the moon would have a smaller weight than on earth, because the moons gravity is not as strong as earths

26
Q

what does gravity pull on every kilogram with

A

a force of 10N

27
Q

what is friction

A

a forced caused by two things rubbing together

28
Q

types of friction

A

air resistance and water resistance sometime called drag

29
Q

friction can :

A

slow things down, wear things away, produce heat, make an noise

30
Q

when is friction helpful

A

your shoes grip the floor
tyres and brakes use friction
pencils write because of friction

31
Q

when is friction not helpful

A

parts of engine wear away

makes bicycles harder to pedal

32
Q

how can friction be increased

A

by using rough surfaces or by using materials like rubber that have a lot of friction

33
Q

how can friction be decreased

A

by using smooth surfaces or by lubrication like oil and grease.

34
Q

how do you work out speed

A

distance travelled divided by time taken

35
Q

what is the thinking distance

A

the distance the car travels while the driver is deciding to stop

36
Q

what is the braking distance

A

the distance it travels while it is slowing down

37
Q

how do you get the stopping distance

A

thinking distance + braking distance

38
Q

when are stopping distances longer

A

if the road is wet or icy, if the car has worn tyres, if the driver is tired or been drinking alcohol

39
Q

how can a journey be shown

A

on a distance/ time graph

40
Q

when a person runs what will it look like on a graph

A

steep increase

41
Q

if a person stops what will it look like on a graph

A

a straight line

42
Q

when a person walks slowly what will it look like on a graph

A

steady increase

43
Q

the steeper the line on the graph …..

A

the faster they are moving

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