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forces Flashcards

1
Q

What is a force?

A

A force is a push or a pull that acts on an object due to the interaction with another object.

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2
Q

What units are forces measured in?

A

Force is measured in newtons (N).

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3
Q

Two main categories of forces?

A

contact forces and non-contact forces.

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4
Q

What is a contact force?

A

A force that can cause or change motion of an object by touching it.

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5
Q

Four examples of contact force?

A

Friction, Normal/Reaction Force, Air Resistance, Applied Force.

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6
Q

What is a non-contact force?

A

Force that results when the two objects are not in physical contact with each other, yet are able to exert a push or pull.

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7
Q

Three example of non-contact force?

A

Gravitational Force, Electrical Force, Magnetic Force.

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8
Q

Tension

A

It is a pulling force exerted on an object by a string, rope, or rod.

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9
Q

Air resistance

A

It’s when an object moves through the air it experiences air resistance. This force acts against the direction of movement. The faster the object is traveling the greater the air resistance.

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9
Q

Electrostatic force

A

It is experienced by a charged particle in an electric field.

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9
Q

Upthrust

A

It is an upwards force that acts on an object when it is in a fluid

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9
Q

Friction

A

It’s when two objects slide past each other they experience friction. Friction is a force that acts between two touching surfaces and prevents or resists them moving against each other.

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10
Q

Normal reaction force

A

It’s when an object pushes on a surface like a table, wall, or the ground, the surface pushes back on the object with a balancing force. The normal reaction force always acts at right angles to the surface.

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10
Q

Thrust

A

It is a driving force exerted by an engine to make an object move.

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11
Q

Magnetic force

A

It’s is experienced by a magnet or a magnetic material, eg iron, when placed in a magnetic field. This force can pull the two objects together or push them apart.

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12
Q

How to measure a force?

A

A force meter, also known as a newton meter, can be used to measure the size of a force.

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13
Q

When forces act on objects what are the effects?

A

The object can speed up or slow down.
The object can change direction.
The shape of the object can change.

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14
Q

What is friction?

A

Friction is a contact force and acts against the movement of an object.

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15
Q

When is friction useful?

A

friction is why we do not slip when we walk along the pavement.

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16
Q

How to make a object move?

A

To make an object move, you must apply force to it. This motion force has to overcome the force of friction, otherwise it will not move.

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17
Q

What factors affect friction?

A

Materials, Weight, Surface area and Liquids.

18
Q

How does Materials affect friction?

A

Some materials will create less friction due to their surface. A rough surface will create more friction than a smoother surface.

19
Q

How does Weight affect friction?

A

Things that are heavy will be subject to more friction than things that are light.

20
Q

How does Surface area affect friction?

A

If the area of the two objects rubbing together is large, it will create more friction.

21
Q

How does Liquids affect friction?

A

The addition of a liquid can reduce friction by making the surface slippy. Dry surfaces tend to have more friction.

22
Q

What are the two kinds of friction?

A

Air resistance and Water resistance

23
Q

What are air and water resistance?

A

Air resistance is when a solid object moves through air or gasses.

Water resistance is when a solid object moves through water or liquids.

24
Q

How can we use friction to our benefit?

A

Braking systems in vehicles
Stringed musical instruments
Door stops
Writing.

25
Q

How does friction cause problems?

A

Friction makes movement harder.
Friction wastes energy.
Friction creates heat.
Friction wears things out.

26
Q

What can we do to reduce friction?

A

Streamlining is where actions are taken to reduce the amount of friction allowing things to move more easily.

27
Q

What is Gravity?

A

Gravity is a force exerted by one object on another when they are near each other.

28
Q

What affects gravity?

A

Gravity is affected by the mass and the proximity of the objects.

29
Q

What is the earth’s gravitational force per kilogram?

A

The Earth has a gravitational field strength of 10 newtons per kilogram (N/kg).

30
Q

Why don’t we feel the earth’s gravitational field?

A

The Earth’s gravitational field strength is larger than our own, so we don’t notice the gravitational force that our own bodies exert.

31
Q

What is mass?

A

Mass is the amount of matter (stuff) an object is made up of.

32
Q

What unit is used for mass?

A

The unit of mass is kilograms (kg).

33
Q

Does the value of mass change in different locations?

A

The value does not change when an object’s location changes.

34
Q

What is weight?

A

The total amount of force acting on an object due to gravity.

34
Q

What unit is used for weight?

A

Measured in newtons (N).

35
Q

Does the value of weight change in different locations?

A

The value does change when an object’s location changes.

36
Q

How to calculate weight

A

Weight = mass × gravitational field strength

37
Q

What is Time?

A

It is how long something takes to happen. This can also be called the duration of an event or journey.

38
Q

What is Speed?

A

It is how fast or slow something travels.

39
Q

What is Distance?

A

It is how far something travels.

40
Q

What is the equation for time?

A

Time = Distance / Speed

41
Q

What is the equation for speed?

A

Speed = Distance / Time

42
Q

What is the equation for distance?

A

Distance = Time X Speed

43
Q

A car travels at a speed of 70 km/h. How far will it travel in 3 hours?

A

D = T x S
3 x 70 = 210 km

44
Q

I walked 16 km in 4 hours, what speed was I walking at?

A

S = D / T
16 / 4 = 4 km/h

45
Q

I walked 20 km at a speed of 4km/h. How long did it take me?

A

T = D / S
20 / 4 = 5 km/h

Exam (6 decks)

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