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Physics > Forces > Flashcards

Forces Flashcards

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AP® Physics flashcards Physics 101 flashcards
1
Q

vector

A

A quantity that has magnitude and direction

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2
Q

scalar

A

A physical quantity that has magnitude only.

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3
Q

contact force

A

a push or pull on one object by another that is touching it

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4
Q

non-contact force

A

a force that one object can apply to another object without touching it

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5
Q

gravitational forces

A

the force of attraction between any 2 objects with mass: the greater the mass, the greater the attraction

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6
Q

Weight

A

the force of gravity on an object

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7
Q

Mass

A

A measure of the amount of matter in an object

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8
Q

Weight equation

A

W=mg

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9
Q

earth’s gravitational field strength

A

9.8N/kg

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10
Q

Resultant force

A

The resultant of a system of force is the vector sum of all forces.

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11
Q

balanced forces

A

Equal forces acting on an object in opposite directions

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12
Q

Work done equation

A

force x distance

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13
Q

work done

A

energy transferred

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14
Q

Force, spring constant, extension

A

F=ke

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15
Q

elastic potential energy

A

E = 1/2ke^2

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16
Q

moment equation

A

M = Fd

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17
Q

Levers

A

Simple machines with an arm that moves around a fulcrum

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18
Q

gears

A

two or more wheels linked together by interlocking teeth

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19
Q

Pressure equation

A

p = hpg

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20
Q

atmospheric pressure

A

the pressure caused by the weight of the atmosphere

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21
Q

Upthrust

A

The upward buoyant force exerted on a body immersed in a fluid

22
Q

floating

A

object is less dense than the fluid, it weighs less than the equivalent volume of fluid

23
Q

sinking

A

object is more dense than the fluid, it weighs more than the equivalent volume of fluid

24
Q

Displacement

A

Distance and direction of an object’s change in position from the starting point.

25
Q

bearing

A

A three digit angle measured from north in a clockwise direction.

26
Q

distance

A

The length of a path between two points

27
Q

Speed

A

distance/time

28
Q

Velocity

A

Speed in a given direction

29
Q

Acceleration

A

The rate at which velocity changes

30
Q

Acceleration equation

A

final velocity-initial velocity/time

31
Q

uniform acceleration

A

constant acceleration

32
Q

uniform acceleration equation

A

final velocity^2-initial velocity^2 = 2 x acceleration x distance

33
Q

distance-time graph

A

gradient = speed

34
Q

velocity-time graph

A

shows how velocity is related to time

35
Q

Friction

A

A force that opposes motion between two surfaces that are in contact

36
Q

drag

A

resistance by friction from air or water moving over a surface

37
Q

terminal velocity

A

the constant velocity of a falling object when the force of air resistance is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the force of gravity

38
Q

factors affecting terminal velocity

A

shape and area

39
Q

A zero resultant force means

A

no acceleration

40
Q

newton’s second law

A

F = ma

41
Q

Inertia

A

The tendency of an object to resist a change in motion

42
Q

Newton’s First Law

A

An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.

43
Q

newton’s third law

A

For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction

44
Q

Equilibrium

A

forces in balance

45
Q

Stopping distance

A

Stopping distance = thinking distance + braking distance

46
Q

factors affecting thinking distance

A

-speed
-reaction time, which is affected by drugs, tiredness, alchohol, lack of attention

47
Q

factors affecting Braking distance

A

-speed
-how good you’re brakes are
-how good tires are
-road conditions

48
Q

braking relies on

A

Friction between the brakes and wheels

49
Q

momentum equation

A

mass x velocity (p=mv)

50
Q

Momentum

A

The product of an object’s mass and velocity

51
Q

force and change of momentum

A

force = change in momentum / change in time

52
Q

Conduction

A

process by which vibrating particles transfer energy to neighbouring particles

Physics (5 decks)

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