Forces Flashcards

1
Q

What is a SCALAR QUANTITES

A

Only have a magnitude and no direction

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2
Q

What are examples of SCALAR QUANTITIES

A
Speed
Mass
Distance 
Time
Temperature
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3
Q

What is a VECTOR QUANTITIES

A

Have a magnitude and a direction

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4
Q

What are 5 examples of VECTOR QUANTITIES

A
Force
Displacement 
Momentum 
Velocity 
Accerleration
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5
Q

What is the definition of FORCE

A

A push or pull on an object caused by it intertracting with something.

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6
Q

What are the two types of forces?

A

Contact forces

Non-contact forces

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7
Q

What is the defintion of a CONTACT FORCE

A

Forces that occur by two or more objects touching

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8
Q

What is the definition of a non-contact force

A

Forces that occur between two or more objects that are not touching

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9
Q

What are 4 examples of a contact force

A

1) Friction
2) Tension
3) Air resistance
4) Normal contact force

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10
Q

What are 3 examples of non-contact forces

A

1) gravitaional force
2) electrostatic force
3) magnetic force

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11
Q

What is the definition of weight

A

A force that acts on an object due to gravity

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12
Q

What is the equation to calculate weight

A

W = mg

Weight(N) = mass(kg) x gravitational field strength(N/kg)

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13
Q

What is the definition of a free body diagram

A

Shows all forces acting on an isolated object (taken from the centre of mass)

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14
Q

What is the definition of equilibrium

A

When the forces acting on an object are balanced and the resultant force is zero.

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15
Q

What is the definition of a resultant force

A

A single force that can replace all the forces acting on an object and give the same effect as the original forces acting together.

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16
Q

How do you calculate the resultant force

A

Add forces pointing in the same direction together. subtract forces pointing in the opposite direction

F1 - F2 = resultant force

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17
Q

What is the definition of work done

A

When a force moves an object from one point to another, energy is transferred and work is done the object.

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18
Q

What is the equation of work done

A

W = Fs

Work done(J) = Force(N) x Distance(M)

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19
Q

What is the definition of distance

A

Distance is a scalar and it measures how far an object has moved (not including direction)

20
Q

What is the definition of Displacement

A

Displacement is a vector that measures the distance and direction in a straight line from the starting postion to the finishing position of an object.

21
Q

What is the definition of speed

A

Speed is a scalar that measures how fast your going with no regard to direction

22
Q

What is he equation of speed

A

s = vt

distance travelled(m) = speed(m/s) x time(s)

23
Q

What are 4 things that can affect a persons walking, running or cycling abilities

A

1) ability
2) age
3) distance travelled
4) type of ground

24
Q

What are the average speeds for walking, running, cycling and sound

A

1) 1.5 m/s
2) 3 m/s
3) 6 m/s
4) 330 m/s

25
Q

What is the definition of velocity

A

velocity is a vector and it measures speed with a certain direction

26
Q

What is the defintion of acceleration

A

The change in velocity in a certain amount of time

27
Q

What is the equation for acceleration

A

acceleration(m/s*2) = change in velocity (m/s) / time(s)

28
Q

What is deceleration

A

Deceleration is negative acceleration (shows an object slowing down)

29
Q

What is the acceleration of an object falling due to gravity close to Earth’s surface

A

roughly 9.8 m/s*2

30
Q

What is the definition of inertia

A

The tendency of an object to continue in the same state of motion

31
Q

What is Newtons first law explained

A

1) if zero resultant force acts on a stationary object, the object doesnt move
2) If zero resultant force acts on a moving object, it continues moving at the same velocity.
3) If a non-zero resultant force acts on an object, object accelerates or decelerates ( will change speed, direction or both)

32
Q

What is the definition of Newtons first law

A

An object will remain at rest or travel at a constant velocity unless it is acted on by a resultant force above zero

33
Q

What is the definition of Newtons second law

A

The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the resultant force acting on it, and inversely proportional to its mass

34
Q

What is the equation used within Newtons second law

A

F = ma

35
Q

What is the definition of inertial mass

A

Measure of how hard it is to change an object’s velocity. Its the ratio of force over acceleration: m = f/a

36
Q

What is the definition of Newtons third law

A

Two interacting objects exert equal and opposite forces on eachother

37
Q

What is the definition of friction

A

A force that acts to oppose an objects motion. it always acts in the opposite direction to movement.

38
Q

What is the definition of Drag

A

The frictional force caused by any fluid on a moving object (e.g air resistance)

39
Q

What is the definition of terminal velocity

A

When the result force acting between the weight and drag acting on a falling object is zero (balanced)

40
Q

What is the average reaction time of a person

A

between 0.2 - 0.9 seconds

41
Q

What are four factor affecting reaction times

A

1) tiredness
2) drugs
3) alcohol
4) distractions

42
Q

What is the investigation for reaction time

A

The ruler drop test

43
Q

What is the stopping distance equation

A

stopping distance = thinking distance + braking distance

44
Q

What are two factors that increase thinking distance

A

1) faster vehicle speed

2) slow driver reaction times

45
Q

What are four factors that increase braking distance

A

1) faster vehicle speed
2) wet or icy weather
3) poor road surface
4) damaged or worn brakes or tyres

46
Q

What is the definition of the conservation of momentum

A

In a closed system, total momentum before an event (e.g collision) equals total momentum after an event

47
Q

What is the equation for momentum

A

p = mv

p = momentum (Kg m/s)
m = mass (Kg)
v = velocity (m/s)