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Head and Neck Anatomy > Foramina and Canals of the Cranial Base > Flashcards

Foramina and Canals of the Cranial Base Flashcards

1
Q

How many foramina are there in the superior aspect of the ethmoidal bone?

A

Four

(1) Foramen Cecum
(2) Anterior Ethmoidal Foramen / Nasal Slit
(3) Foramina of the Cribriform Plate (many)
(4) Posterior Ethmoidal Foramen

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2
Q

What traverses through the…

Foramen Cecum?

A

Emissary vein (to Superior Sagittal Sinus)

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3
Q

What traverses through the…

Foramina of the Cribriform Plate (many) ?

A

Olfactory nerves (CN1)

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4
Q

What traverses through the…

Anterior Ethmoidal Foramen / Nasal Slit ?

A

Anterior Ethmoidal Artery
Anterior Ethmoidal Vein
Anterior Ethmoidal Nerve

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5
Q

What traverses through the…

Posterior Ethmoidal Foramen ?

A

Posterior Ethmoidal Artery
Posterior Ethmoidal Vein
Posterior Ethmoidal Nerve

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6
Q

What traverses through the…

Optic Canal ?

A

Optic Nerve

Ophthalamic artery

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7
Q

What traverses through the…

Superior Orbital Fissure ?

A

CN3, CN4, CN5 (3 branches=F.,L., N.C.), CN6, Superior Opthalmic Vein (SOV)

i.e. 6 structures...
> (1) Oculomotor Nerve (CN3)
> (2) Trochlear Nerve (CN4) 
> Trigeminal Nerve, Ophthalamic Nerve (CNV, BranchV1)  
   (3) Frontal Nerve 
   (4) Lacrimal Nerve
   (5) Nasociliary Nerve 
> (6) Abducent Nerve (CN6)
> (7) Superior Ophthalmic Vein
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8
Q

Name the number of structures passing through each foramen?

(1) Foramen Cecum
(2) Anterior Ethmoidal Foramen / Nasal Slit
(3) Foramina of the Cribriform Plate (many)
(4) Posterior Ethmoidal Foramen
(5) Optic Canal
(6) Superior Orbital Fissure
(7) Foramen Rotundum
(8) Foramen Ovale
(9) Foramen Spinosum
(10) Foramen Lacerum
(11) Carotid Canal
(12) Hiatus for Lesser Petrosal Nerve
(13) Hiatus for Greater Petrosal Nerve
(14) Internal Acoustic Meatus
(15) Jugular Foramen
(16) Hypoglossal Canal
(17) Condylar Canal
(18) Foramen Magnum

A

E[1,3,1,3] S[2,7,1,3,3] T[1,2,1,1,3] O[6,1,1,4]
1313-27133-12113-6114
Ethmoidal Bone = C.AEF.CP.PEF. is 1.3.1.3
Sphenoid Bone = OC.SOF.R.O.S = 2.7.1.3.3
Temporal Bone = L.CC.LPN.GPN.IAM. = 1.2.1.1.3
Occipital Bone = JF.CC.HC.M =6.1.1.4

i.e.
Ethmoidal Bone = C.AEF.CP.PEF. is 1.3.1.3
(1) Foramen Cecum = 1 structure
(2) Anterior Ethmoidal Foramen / Nasal Slit = 3 structures
(3) Foramina of the Cribriform Plate (many) = 1+ structure
(4) Posterior Ethmoidal Foramen = 3 structures

Sphenoid Bone = OC.SOF.R.O.S = 2.7.1.3.3

(5) Optic Canal = 2 structures
(6) Superior Orbital Fissure = 7 structures
(7) Foramen Rotundum = 1 structure
(8) Foramen Ovale = 3 structures
(9) Foramen Spinosum = 3 structures

Temporal Bone = L.CC.LPN.GPN.IAM.JF. = 1.2.1.1.3

(10) Foramen Lacerum = 1 structure
(11) Carotid Canal = 2 Structures
(12) Hiatus for Lesser Petrosal Nerve = 1 structure
(13) Hiatus for Greater Petrosal Nerve = 1 structure
(14) Internal Acoustic Meatus = 3 structures

Occipital Bone = HC.M = 6.1.1.4

(15) Jugular Foramen = 6 structures
(16) Hypoglossal Canal = 1 structure
(17) Condylar Canal = 1 structure
(18) Foramen Magnum = 4 structures

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9
Q

What traverses through the…

Foramen Rotundum ?

A

Foramen Rotundum

1: Maxillary Nerve (V2)

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10
Q

What traverses through the…

Foramen Ovale ?

A

Foramen Ovale

1: Mandibular Nerve (V3)
2: Accessory Meningeal artery
3: Lesser Petrosal Nerve

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11
Q

What traverses through the…

Foramen Spinosum?

A

Foramen Spinosum

1: Middle Meningeal Artery
2: Middle Meningeal Vein
3: Meningeal Branch of the Mandibular Nerve

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12
Q

What traverses through the…

Foramen Lacerum ?

A

Foramen Lacerum

1: Greater Petrosal Nerve

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13
Q

What is the numeric sequence of the number of structures passing through all the foramina leading FROM cranial cavity through the cranial base (i.e. superior view of cranial base)?

A

1313-27133-12113-6114

4) (5) (5) (4

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14
Q

What traverses through the…

Carotid Canal ?

A

Carotid Canal

1: Internal Carotid Artery
2: Internal Carotid Plexus

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15
Q

What traverses through the…

Hiatus of the ___ _____ ____
(Hint: most anterior, but furthest from Internal acoustic meatus)?

A

Hiatus for Lesser Petrosal Nerve
1: Lesser Petrosal Nerve

Note:

  • Smaller of two hiatuses
  • Furthest from Internal Acoustic Meatus
  • Most anteriorly positioned
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16
Q

What traverses through the…

Hiatus of the ___ _____ ____
(Hint: most posterior and closest to the Internal acoustic meatus)?

A

Hiatus for Greater Petrosal Nerve
1: Greater Petrosal Nerve

Note:

  • Larger of two hiatuses
  • Closest to the Internal Acoustic Meatus
  • Most posteriorly positioned
17
Q

What traverses through the…

Internal Acoustic Meatus ?

A

Internal Acoustic Meatus

1: Facial Nerve (CN 7)
2: Vestibulocochlear Nerve (CN 8)
3: Labyrinthine Artery

18
Q

What traverses through the…

Jugular Foramen ?

A

Jugular Foramen

1: Glossopharyngeal Nerve (CN 9)
2: Vagus Nerve (CN 10)
3: Accessory Nerve (CN 11)
4: Posterior Meningeal Artery
5: Sigmoid Sinus
6: Inferior Petrosal Sinus

19
Q

What traverses through the…

Hypoglossal Canal ?

A

Hypoglossal Canal

1: Hypoglossal Nerve (CN 12)

20
Q

What traverses through the…

Foramen Magnum ?

A

Foramen Magnum

1: Medulla Oblongata
2: Spinal Roots of Accessory Nerve
3: Meninges
4: Vertebral arteries (and associated meningeal branches)

21
Q

What traverses through the…

Condylar Canal ?

A

Condylar Canal

1: Meningeal Branch of Ascending Pharyngeal Artery

22
Q

How many foramina are there in the superior aspect of the SPHENOIDAL bone?

A

5 foramina…

(1) Optic Canal
(2) Superior Orbital Fissure
(3) Foramen Rotundum
(4) Foramen Ovale
(5) Foramen

i. e……….
(1) Optic Canal (2 structures; optic nerve (CN2) & ophthalmic artery)

(2) Superior Orbital Fissure (7 structures; 1:CN3, 2:CN4, CNV1 = 3:Frontal, 4:Lacrimal, 5:Nasociliary, 6:CN6, 7: Superior Ophthalmic Vein)
(3) Foramen Rotundum (1 structure; 1: CNV2 / Maxillary)

(4) Foramen Ovale (3 structures; 1: CNV3 / Mandibular,
2: Accessory Meningeal Artery. 3: LPN)

(5) Foramen Spinosum (3 structures: 1: Middle meningeal Artery, 2: Middle Meningeal Vein, 3: Meningeal branch of CNV3 / Mandibular n.)

23
Q

How many foramina are there in the superior aspect of the TEMPORAL bone?

A

5 foramina…

(1) Foramen Lacerum
(2) Carotid Canal
(3) Hiatus for LPN
(4) Hiatus for GPN
(5) Internal Acoustic Meatus

Head and Neck Anatomy (2 decks)

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