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infectious disease > 魚病for mid-term2 > Flashcards

魚病for mid-term2 Flashcards

1
Q

看到蝦子體色變白、肌肉壞死要想到？？

A

Nodavirus 造成的白尾症MrNV、偷死病 CMNV，

✓ 差別在偷死病會出現肝胰腺蒼白。

✓ IMNV Infectious Myonecrosis也會造成肌肉壞死，差別在組織病變下不會出現包含體。

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2
Q

OIE-Listing disease for shrimp

A

陶拉（TS）、白點（WSD）、黃頭（Yellow Head Disease）、傳染性肌肉炎（IMN）、傳染性皮下及造血組織壞死病（IHHN）需要通報！

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3
Q

pothogenesis of acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease? +pathogen +host

A

副溶血型弧菌 Vibrio parahaemolyticus (gram negative), infect 對蝦屬

蝦子把病原吃進肚子→stress→生成很多 PirA、PirB-like toxin→大規模破壞肝胰腺的 上皮細胞→肝胰腺上皮大量死亡
這種弧菌偷了昆蟲身上感光菌的 plasmid–– ––Photorhabdus insect-related (Pir) toxin 的 基因→大量產生 PirA & B-like toxin

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4
Q

造血組織 hemato-poietic tissue 的病毒性病

common 特征性病變

A

Taula: Picornavirales DicistroviridaeA paravirus

yellow head disease: Okavirus

in microscopic：椒粉狀、散彈狀 with inclusion bodies

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5
Q

Taura syndrome clinical sign

A

acute: 發虛不良、厭食、活力下降，死亡發生在脫殼過程。

蝦的透明度下降，尾扇、泳足、腹肢變紅、 外殼黑色斑點（上皮變性）

chronic: persistent infection! 呈現多處不規則的黑色斑痕

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6
Q

感染皮下、造血組織為主的病毒

A
  1. 白點病 Wispovirus 草蝦
  2. 傳染性皮下及 造血組織壞死病 Infectious Hypodermal and Hematopoietic Necrosis, IHHN （Parvoviridae）美洲白蝦、草蝦：嚴重！南美白蝦：無症狀帶毒：垂直感染！

組織病變的差別在白點病會造成細胞腫大、IHHN 不會

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7
Q

parvovirus的蝦子病

A

傳染性皮下及 造血組織壞死病 Infectious Hypodermal and Hematopoietic Necrosis, IHHN

肝胰腺細小病毒症 Hepatopancreatic parvovirus disease, HPV

差別在肝胰小病毒的病變只侷限在肝胰臟

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8
Q

pathogen causing腹節肌肉呈白色壞死灶

list 1 example from virus and bacterial each

A

病毒：白尾病(Alpha-Nodavirus)也會造成腹節肌肉呈白色壞死灶。

但病毒性疾病通常是大範圍、 多發性感染；

而弧菌Vibrio的案例會是零星個案、局部感染的

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9
Q

hypertrophy of cells: name 3 disease, & host

A
  1. White spot disease (WSD): 感染草蝦, hyperotrophied neclei
  2. necrotizing hepatopancreatitis: related to protobacterium (hepatobacter penaelis): 感染白蝦、intraceullular parasitic –> hypertrophy of cell!
  3. abalone viral mortality: 感染鮑魚、hypertrophy of 消化道上皮
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10
Q

對外殼有影響的疾病

A

鐘型蟲：附著在幾丁質上、不會invade！！！→外殼輕微變黑

IHHN: epithelial damage, by virus →發育不良 (unable to produce 幾丁質)

white spot disease: 幾丁質直接被破壞→鈣化、殼上出現白點

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11
Q

milk shrimp condition

A

肌肉變白、不透明

Microsporan小孢子蟲：發生率高、有死傷

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12
Q

which protozoan（s）replicate intracellularly?

A
  1. haplosporan：肝胰腺、mid gut gland
  2. enterocytozoon hepatopenaei：肝胰腺（not killing）, opportunistic bacteria
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13
Q

abalone disease

A
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14
Q

機源性感染 or 虛弱容易感染

A
  1. entercytozoon hepatopanaei EHP ：對蝦屬
  2. acute hepatopancreatic necrosis: virbiro parahemolyticus感染對蝦屬，pirA&pirB toxins killing epithelium of 肝胰腺
  3. 鐘型蟲感染：虛弱、不活動導致容易附著，不會invade幾丁質，造成外殼輕微變黑
  4. 外寄生蟲、共生藻
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15
Q

酵母菌host & dianosis &好發期

A
  1. 泰國蝦、PAS stain in organs all over the body、低水溫期
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16
Q

black gill disease

A
  1. infected by fusarium solani (微菌、淡水）
  2. melanization
  3. 幾丁質破壞、但不會死、繼續活下去
  4. 壓片可以看到spore
17
Q

ectoderm infecting disease

A
  1. white spot disease
  2. taura syndrome
18
Q

endoderm infecting disease

A

yellow head virus: 草蝦（post larva 後才會開始）：肝胰腺、CNS、頭胸甲變黃

19
Q

頭胸甲變黃的pathogen (外表看起來很像）、name2

如何分辨？

A
  1. yellow head virus 草蝦：basophilic ICIB, pepper like in microscope
  2. 酵母菌感染：泰國蝦、好發低水溫期

by host &纖維鏡

都是感染比較大的蝦！btw

20
Q

哪一個疾病普遍存在在台灣養殖蝦場？而且會垂直感染

A

infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis: 感染美國白蝦、草蝦最嚴重、南美白蝦in TW: subclincal infection

造成慢性感染、免疫抑制、上皮破壞、發育不良

eosinophilic INIB

parvoviridae

21
Q

only basophilic inclusion bodies

A
  1. taura syndrome (pepper) ICIB
  2. yellow head (pepper) ICIB
  3. hepatopancreatic parvovirus disease: INIB, 對蝦、草蝦、不會造成皮膚、淋巴組織病變
  4. white taile disease (nodavirus MrNV , XSV as協同基因、感染post larvae of 泰國蝦、對蝦屬） ICIB
  5. decapid iridescent virus 1/shrimp hemocyte iridescent virus SHIV: 免疫抑制
22
Q

viral infection with no inclusio bodies

A
  1. infectious myonecrosis IMN: infect muscle and lymphoid
  2. white tail disease : basophilic ICIB too small to be observe
23
Q

eosinophilic inclusion bodies

A
  1. IHHN (垂直感染白蝦、草蝦、普遍）INIB、免疫抑制、慢性感染
  2. tetrahedral baculovirosis: 對蝦、三角形的INIB
  3. baculoviral mid gut gland necrosis: 草蝦、圓形的INIB
  4. convert mortality: eosinophilic ICIB
24
Q

both eosinophilic and basophilic IB exist

A

white spot disease: 草蝦、隨病程演變: eosinophilic to basophilic

殼鈣化

25
Q

virus that form inclusion bodies in hematopoietic tissue

A
  1. white spot disease: 草蝦：eosinophilic to basophilic
  2. IHHN
  3. taura syndrome: 白蝦basophilic ICIB
  4. yellow head virus: 草蝦basophilic ICIB
  5. 十足目虹彩病毒 SHIV (basophilic ICIB，主要攻擊血細胞)
26
Q

親上皮性病變

A

陶拉病毒(白蝦特別敏感，出現紅尾症、黑色色斑)

白點病(上皮出現白點

27
Q

occlusion body

A

對蝦桿狀病毒BP (Baculovirus)：

  1. DNA virus。
  2. 三角形(四面體型)、嗜伊紅性核內包涵體。
  3. 感染肝胰腺&中腸線上皮，中腸變白。

草蝦桿狀病毒MBV (Baculovirus)：

  1. DNA virus。
  2. 圓形、嗜伊紅性核內包涵體。
  3. 肝胰腺萎縮變白。
28
Q

INIB

A
  1. 白點病WSSD (Nimaviridae)：
    (1) DNA virus。
    (2) 嗜酸到嗜鹼性的核內包涵體都有。
    (3) 較特別，會讓細胞核明顯腫脹變大。
  2. 肝胰小病毒Hepanvirus (Parvoviridae)：
    (1) DNA virus。
    (2) 嗜鹼性大型核內包涵體。
    (3) 只出現在肝胰腺。
  3. IHHNV (Parvoviridae)：
    (1) DNA virus。
    (2) 嗜酸到嗜鹼性的核內包涵體都有。
    (3) 影響血淋巴系統&皮膚系統。
29
Q

ICIB

A
  • *1. 陶拉病毒TSV (Piconavirus)：**
    (1) RNA virus。
    (2) 嗜酸到嗜鹼性的質內包涵體都有。
    (3) 感染白蝦。
    (4) 細胞核濃縮破裂，形成胡椒粉狀病變。
    (5) 急性破壞上皮細胞(紅尾症)，慢性則是體色變黑。
  • *2. 黃頭病毒YHV (Okavirus)：**
    (1) RNA virus。
    (2) 嗜酸到嗜鹼性的質內包涵體都有。
    (3) 感染草蝦。
    (4) 細胞核濃縮破裂。
  • *3. 十足目虹彩病毒DIV-1：**
    (1) RNA virus。
    (2) 肝胰腺、血細胞的嗜鹼性質內包涵體。
    (3) 細胞核濃縮破裂。
    (4) 肝胰腺萎縮、變黃。出現軟殼問題。

infectious disease (4 decks)

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