for finals Flashcards
he believed that a whole is more than just the totality of its parts
d. max wertheimer
this theory looks into how people organize their learning by looking at their experiences both inside and outside the classroom
c. gestalt theory
the list of the laws of grouping was derived from this theory
c. gestalt theory
this theory emphasizes how individuals learn large amounts of meaningful material from both verbal and textual presentations in a school setting
b. subsumption theory
determine the correct definition of proximity
c. elements that are near to each other are grouped together
this refers to what was learned that are specific examples of a new concept
d. superordinate subsumtion
he believes that learning is an active process where learners can create new ideas or concepts using their current or past knowledge about things, events, or situations
c. jerome bruner
these aspects moderate the process of learning, which does not belong to the group?
c. (fear of failure)
this refers to the elements that define smooth lines or even curves are also grouped together
a. continuity
it refers to a new concept that is combined with a prior known concept to enrich both concepts
d. combinatorial subsumption
who is the proponent behind the cognitive development theory?
a. jean piaget
this is a type of problem that has a clear goal, a known starting point and a set of rules or constraints that limit the possible solutions
b. well defined problem
teacher jen used socratic method to activate the prior knowledge of her students as she discuss the topic about simile, this strategy is an example of?
b. scaffolding
marie had just learned how to construct sentences when her instructor assigned her to start a journal; what does this fall under in terms of positive transfer?
b. vertical transfer
cognitive was derived from the word ___ which defined as the mental action or process of acquiring knowledge in a person’s mind
c. cognition
an approach to cognitive development studies that aims to explain how information is encoded into memory
c. information processing theory
which of the following does not belong to most knowledgeable other or MKO?
a. the ice cream vendor
This is the last stage when children consider various points of view and develops concerns about social issues, personal identity and justice. Child becomes able to reason not only about tangible objects and events but also about hypothetical or abstract ones.
c. formal operational
The process of acquiring knowledge and understanding through thought, experiences and senses.
c. cognitive learning
When new information interferes with recalling the previous information.
a. retroactive interference
This level of mental life contains contents that are unacceptable or unpleasant, such as feelings of pain, anxiety, or conflict?
b. unconcious
What is the personality structure that is considered as the earliest and the most primitive?
c. id
Rachel is torn between her impulses to eat an entire cake and her sense of guilt for doing so. According to Sigmund Freud’s personality structure, which part of her psyche represents the moral standards and societal norms that are influencing her guilt?
c. superego
Samantha is a 6-month-old baby who loves putting objects in her mouth and derives pleasure from sucking on her pacifier. According to Freud’s psychosexual theory, Samantha is most likely in which stage of development?
c. oral stage
According to Sigmund Freud’s psychosexual theory, which stage is characterized by the Oedipus or Electra complex and the development of the superego?
c. phallic stage
According to Sigmund Freud’s psychosexual theory, which stage is characterized by the focus on mature sexual relationships and the development of healthy sexual interests?
d. genital stage
In Kohlberg’s moral development theory, which level of morality involves a growing understanding of societal rules and norms, where decisions are made based on the desire to gain approval from others and maintain social order?
b. conventional morality
Ralph found a wallet on the street. He decided to return it to its owner because he was afraid that if he kept it, he might get caught and punished. According to Kohlberg’s moral development theory, which stage of preconventional morality does Ralph’s decision exemplify?
a. stage 1: obedience and punishment
Singto is a grade 8 student. One day, the class is talking about the shirt color they will be wearing during the intramural sports day. Most of the students chose the bright color shirt. However, Singto thinks that bright color shirts will not be suitable for other skin colors. Yet, he didn’t voice out his suggestion because he thinks that no one will listen to him and some might think that he is “bida-bida” or “basag trip”. Instead, he also voted to wear a bright color shirt. What stage of moral development theory does Singto show in the situation?
a. interpersonal concordance
What are the 2 stages under the 3rd level of moral development theory which is Post Conventional Morality?
c. Universal-ethical principle and social-contact legalistic
This is the analysis of one’s own learning or thinking (how you study and learn). What do you call this term?
d. metacognition
Which of the following refers to acquired knowledge about cognitive processes, knowledge that can be used to control cognitive processes.
d. meta cognitive knowledge
This category of metacognitive knowledge includes how one views himself as a learner and a thinker.
d. person variables
It includes knowledge about the nature of task as well as type of processing demands that it will place upon individual.
c. task variables
It involves awareness of the strategy you are using to learn a topic and evaluating whether this strategy is effective.
d. strategy variables
It is a strategy variable that is dealing with the awareness of specific strategies so that you can keep your attention focused on the topic or task at hand.
c. meta attention
It is a strategy variable that is dealing with the awareness of memory strategies that work best for you
c. meta memory
“T” for TQLR stands for
a. tune in
“R” for TQLR stands for
d. remember
Which of the following “R” is not included in the “PQ4R”?
a. remember
The classroom becomes a “public place” where community can be practiced.
c. student diversity prepares learning for their role as responsible member of society
Often moves around and seek going outside whenever reviewing a topic.
a. global
It is the social standing or class of an individual or group.
b. socioeconomic status
Jeongin enjoys playing detective games with his friends in an escape room, where they engage with riddles and codes to solve mysteries. In what area/s does Jeongin excel?
b. mathematical / logical & interpersonal
This pertains to the physical, mental, and emotional disabilities or differences, including gifted/talented abilities, that may necessitate special attention by school personnel.
c. exceptionalities
Always and without a miss adheres to schedules, deadlines and time-frame set upon him their selves.
b. analytic
Is the way that different students learn. A style of learning refers to an individual’s preferred way to absorb, process, comprehend and retain information.
a. learning style
You like to take things apart and put them back together, and you like to move when you are bored. You may have excellent coordination and athletic skills. You can readily recall what was done, but you may have difficulties recalling what you saw or heard during the procedure. You frequently communicate through touch, and you like physically conveyed kinds of encouragement. What type of learner are you?
c. tactile / kinesthetic learner
What is an example of a method to accommodate diversity among students?
b. vary the examples you use to illustrate concepts in order to provide multiple contexts that are relevant to student from diverse backgrounds
Sensory preferences refers to the type of brain an individual possesses in relation to sensory stimuli (visual, auditory, kinesthetic), including the type of sensory data that registers most quickly. Individuals tend to gravitate toward one or two types of sensory input and maintain dominance in one learning type.
a. true
Which one of the Factors of The Cognitive and Metacognitive is all about how the successful learners reflect on how they think?
c. thinking abt thinking
_______ can also enhance learning and performance by focusing the learner’s attention on a particular task.
a. mild anxiety
These are called the learner - centered psychological principles that intended to apply to all learners from children to teachers to administrator and parents thus how many psychological principles that the American Psychological Association had identified ?
b. 14
This principle is under the cognitive and metacognitive factors which is the learning of complex subject matter is most effective when it is an intentional process of constructing meaning from information and experience.
c. nature of the learning process
Which is NOT a factor under the 14 Learner-Centered Principles?
d. social influences on learning
Learning is most ____ when differences in learners’ linguistic, cultural, and social backgrounds are taken into account.
a. effective
What is a key aspect of successful learners’ approach to setting learning goals?
c. gradually refining their understanding through time and support
Why is integrating new knowledge with existing understanding important for learners?
c. it enriches understand and aids in practical application
This type of strategy under Motivation and Affective Factors allows a student to think independently and discuss meaningful topics. It also allows the students to have a subjective response.
c. II only
Mr. Riego is introducing a new topic to his class. However, he is not recognizing the answers of his students whenever they are called to answer a question. While in the class of Ms. Vera, she is appreciating the answers, participation, and even giving rewards to her class every time they recite. Who among the teachers manifests intrinsic motivation to learn and the effects of motivation on effort?
b. II only
Behaviors are acquired through the process called?
a. conditioning
What are the two types of Behaviorism?
a. methodological and radical
Radical Behaviorism is known for the acceptance of view that organisims are born with innate behaviours. Who is the founder of this type of behaviorism?
b. b.f. skinner
Methodological Behaviorism is solely asserting what concept?
d. tabula rasa (blank slate)
It is a type of conditioning that an individual learns its capability to use neutral stimulus repeatedly until the neutral stimulus evokes a response.
b. classical conditioning
This type of conditioning has the pattern of pleasant (+) and unpleasant (-) (punishment) consequences in able to control the behavior.
b. operant condition
What is the other term for connectionism?
a. trial and error learning
Social Learning is about learning through observation, stimulation, and modelling another person called _____?
a. model
Who is the proponent of Purposive Behaviorism?
a. edward tolman
Purposive Behaviorism is being directed of a purpose or focused on achieving some goals
by ____?
a. latent learning
It is a process that initiates, guides, and maintains goal-oriented behaviours that also describes why a person does something.
c. motivation
Sheila spends a lot of time practicing piano for her recital because she believes that if she doesn’t play well, others will look down on her. What is this type of driving force that gives a negative internalized motivation to the person?
d. introjected
Maliya believes that the reason why she failed the exam is because her teacher fails to give the right strategy of teaching those lesson. What factor affects the situation?
c. uncontrollable
In the five stages of Abraham Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs what is the most essential needs that humans must satisfy first?
a. physiological needs
Make students feel comfortable and important. Identify specific ways to let your professional enthusiasm show through.
a. create a welcoming learning environment
This strategy uses short simple pretests to determine students’ prior subject knowledge and their readiness to proceed to the next level.
c. classroom assessment technique
Spend the time to identify course goals that will promote significant and enduring learning.
b. determine course goals and learning objectives
Involves providing a direct, explicit, and concise command to the student about what they should be doing instead of the challenging behaviour.
d. prompting
It is defined as a “process of gathering data to better understand the strengths and weaknesses of student learning”
a. assessment
All of these are strategies for increasing the probability of success. Which one doesn’t belong to the group?
b. classroom management
