for finals Flashcards
What are the functions of computers?
- Data processing
- wide data variety that requires a broader processing - Data storage - long & short term
- Data movement
-I/O = data to/from peripherals connection
- data communication = data from long distance via remote devices. - control - control unit manages computer’s resources & response to instructions
What is the function of Control Unit?
- controls CPU/ computer operation
- response to/ execute instructions
What is the function of ALU?
Performs data processing functions.
What are the structural components of the computer?
- CPU - controls computer operation & performs data processing
- I/O - data transfer between computers and external devices
- Main memory - to store data
- System Interconnection - provides communication of data between computer components
What is direct access?
- involves a shared read & write mechanism
- individual blocks has unique address based on physical location
What is sequential access?
- memory is an organized data unit called records
- accessed is in a specific linear sequence
What is random access
- each memory address has a unique addressing mechanism
- location is randomly selected & directly accessed.
What is memory hierarchy?
- separates computer memory in hierarchy based on response time
- lower access time, higher cost per bits
- greater capacities, lower cost per bits & greater access time
What are the types of addressing modes?
- immediate
- Direct & indirect
- Register
- Register indirect
- Displacement
- Stack
What is immediate addressing mode?
- data is presented in instruction address
What is direct & indirect addressing mode?
- direct = operand’s offset is in the instruction as 8-bit/16-bit displacement element
-indirect = contains the effective address of memory location where the actual data consists.
What is register & register indirect addressing mode?
- register = operands contained in a register set
register indirect = addressing operands are placed in one of the registers eg, BI,BX,SI,DI
What is displacement (auto indexed) addressing mode?
- effective address of operands in register content
- increment = register content is increment after accessing operands
- decrement = register content is decrement before accessing operands
What is stack addressing mode?
- operands at the top of the stack
What is EPROM?
- erasing process = repeatedly (UV)
- cost = expensive than PROM
- update capabilities = multiple