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UEA MEDICINE - YEAR 1 - ANATOMY - LOWER LIMB > Foot - Dorsal & Plantar (Test) > Flashcards

Foot - Dorsal & Plantar (Test) Flashcards

1
Q

The muscles acting on the foot can be divided into two distinct groups;

A
  • Extrinsic and intrinsic
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2
Q

The extrinsic muscles arise from the …………….., / ……………. and …………… compartments of the …………….

AND -

What are 4 main actions are extrinsic muscles responsible for?

A
  • Anterior, posterior, lateral
  • Leg
  1. Eversion
  2. Inversion
  3. Plantarflexion
  4. Dosriflexion
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3
Q

What actions are the intrinsic muscles responsbile for?

A
  • Finer motor actions
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4
Q

The intrinsic muscles can be further divided into 2 groups, what are they?

A
  • Dorsal
  • Plantar
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5
Q

What are the two intrinsic muscles found in the dorsal aspect of the foot?

A
  • Extensor digitorum brevis
  • Extensor hallucis brevis
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6
Q

The extensor hallucis brevis is …………. to digitorum longus

A
  • Deep
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7
Q

Extensor Digitorum Brevis:

  • Attachments: (3 O, 1 I)
  • Actions:
  • Innervation:
  • Blood supply
A
  • Attachments: Calcaneus, interosseous talocalcaneal ligament, inferior extensor retinaculum - lateral four digits (2-5)
  • Actions: Extension of lateral four toes (assists EDL)
  • Innervation: Deep fibular nerve
  • Blood supply: Dorsalis Pedis
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8
Q

The extensor hallcuis brevis is …………. to EDL and …………….. to EHL

A
  • Medial
  • Lateral
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9
Q

Extensor Hallucis Brevis:

  • Attachment: (3O, 1I)
  • Actions:
  • Innervation:
  • Blood supply:
A
  • Attachments: Calcaneus, interosseous talocalcaneal ligament, extensor retinaculum - great toe
  • Actions: Extension of great toe (aids EHL)
  • Innervation: Deep fibular nerve
  • Blood supply: Dorsalis Pedis
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10
Q

There are 10 intrinsic muscles located in the plantar aspect of the foot and 4 layers in the sole of the foot, name the 10 muscles according to the layers?

  • First (3)
  • Second (2)
  • Third (2)
  • Fourth (2)

AFA // 222 // FAF / PDP hold it down

A
  • ABductor hallucis
  • Flexor digitorum brevis
  • Abductor digiti minimi
  • 2: 2 tendons (FHL/FDL)
  • 2: 2 muscles (lumbricals, quadratus plantae)
  • Flexor hallucis brevis
  • ADducor hallucis
  • Flexor digiti minimi brevis
  • Plantar Interossei
  • Dorsal Interossei
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11
Q

Abductor Hallucis:

  • Layer of sole:
  • Attachment: (3I, 2O)
  • Action: (2)
  • Innervation and blood supply (same)
A
  • Layer: First
  • Attachment: Calcaneus, flexor retinaculum, plantar aponeurosis - mid-foot/great toe
  • Action: Abducts and flexes great toe
  • Innervation: Medial plantar
  • Blood supply: Medial plantar
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12
Q

The Flexor Digitorum Brevis is sandwiched between the ………………/……….. (1 thing) and ……………… / ………………. / …………..

A
  • Plantar aponeurosis
  • Tendons of flexor digitorum longus
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13
Q
A
  • Attachment: Calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis - lateral 4 digits
  • Actions - Flexion of lateral four digits
  • Innervation: Medial plantar
  • Blood supply: Medial plantar
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14
Q

Abductor Digiti Minimi:

  • Layer:
  • Attachment: (2I, 1O)
  • Actions: (2)
  • Innervation and Blood supply (same)
A
  • Layer: 1st layer
  • Attachment: Calcaneus and the plantar aponeurosis - 5th digit
  • Actions: Abducts and flexes 5th digit
  • Innervation: Lateral plantar
  • Blood supply: Lateral plantar
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15
Q

What layer does the tendons of FDL pass through?

A
  • Second layer
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16
Q

Quadratus Plantae:

  • Layer:
  • Attachment:
  • Actions:
  • Innervation:
  • Blood supply
A
  • Layer: Second layer
  • Attachment: Calcaneous - tendons fo flexor digitorm longus
  • Actions: Flexes lateral four digits (assits FDL)
  • Innervation: Lateral plantar
  • Blood supply: Lateral plantar
17
Q

How many lumbricals are found in the foot and how is each located (in comparison to another structure which has tendons runnin through)

A
  • 4
  • Medial to tendons of FDL
18
Q

Lumbricals:

  • Layer:
  • Attachment:
  • Action: (2)
  • Innervation (2)
  • Blood supply (2)
A
  • Layer: Second layer
  • Attachment: Tendons of FDL - extensor hoods of lateral 4 digits
  • Actions:
    • Flex at MTP joint
    • Extend IP joint
  • Innervation:
    • Most medial lumbrical: medial plantar nerve
    • Other 3 - Lateral plantar nerve
  • Blood supply:
    • Medial and lateral
19
Q

Flexor Hallucis Brevis:

  • Layer:
  • Attachment: (2 I)
  • Actions:
  • Innervation and blood supply (samE)
A
  • Layer: Third layer
  • Attachment: Cuboid/lateral cuneiforms + posterior tibialis tendon - great toe
  • Actions: Flex great toe
  • Innervation: Medial plantar
  • Blood supply: Medial plantar
20
Q

Name the 2 heads of Adductor Hallucis:

A
  • Oblique and transverse head
21
Q

Adductor Hallucis

  • Layer:
  • Attachment (2 for each head and then insertion)
  • Actions: (2)
  • Innervation and blood supply (same)
A
  • Layer: Third
  • Attachments:
    • Oblique: Bases of 2nd, 3rd, 4th metatarsals
    • Transverse: Plantar ligaments of MTP joints
    • Lateral base of great toe
  • Actions: Adduct great toe, transverse arch of foot
  • Innervation: Deep - lateral plantar nerve
  • Blood supply: Lateral plantar nerve
22
Q

Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis:

  • Layer:
  • Attachment:
  • Action:
  • Innervation:
  • Blood supply
A
  • Layer: Third
  • Attachment: Base of metatarsal V - base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit
  • Action: Flex 5th digit
  • Innervation: Superficial - lateral plantar nerve
  • Blood supply: Lateral plantar nerve
23
Q

How many plantar interosseis are there and what shape to they form and each arises from ………

A
  • 3
  • Unipennate
  • Single metatarsel
24
Q

Plantar Interossei:

  • Layer:
  • Attachment:
  • Actions:
  • Innervation:
  • Blood supply:
A
  • Layer: Fourth
  • Attachment: Medial side of MT 3 to 5 - medial sides of phalanges (3 to 5)
  • Action: Adducts digits 3 to 5
  • Innervation: Lateral plantar nerve
  • Blood supply: Lateral plantar nerve
25
Q

How many dorsal interossei are there, what shape do thet form and each arises from ……..

A
  • Four
  • Bipennate
  • Two metatarsals.
26
Q

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  • Layer:
  • Attachments: (2)
  • Actions: (2)
  • Innervation and blood supply: (2)
A
  • Layer: Fourth
  • Attachment:
    • 1 - medial side of second digit
    • 2-4 - lateral sides of 2 to 4
  • Actions:
    • Abduct digits 2 to 4
  • Innervation: Lateral plantar nerve
  • Blood supply: Lateral plantar

UEA MEDICINE - YEAR 1 - ANATOMY - LOWER LIMB (11 decks)

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