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OCS Exam > Foot & Ankle > Flashcards

Foot & Ankle Flashcards

1
Q

Bones of shank

A

tibia and fibula

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2
Q

bones of hindfoot

A

talus and calcaneus

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3
Q

bones of midfoot

A

navicular, cuboid, 3 cuneiforms
-and their articulations

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4
Q

Mitered hinge

A

results from talocrural and subtalar joint axes
-transverse plane motion of shank(ER/IR) coupled w/ frontal plane motion of foot during gait

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5
Q

Midtarsal (Chopart) joint

A

medial talonavicular joint and lateral calcaneocuboid joint

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6
Q

forefoot

A

medial forefoot
-1st metatarsal and great toe

lateral forefoot
-metatarsals and toes 2-5

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7
Q

Muscles of anterior compartment of lower leg

A

-tibialis anterior
-EHL
-EDL
-fibularis tertius

innervated by deep fibular nerve

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8
Q

muscles of lateral compartment of lower leg

A

-fibularis longus
-fibularis brevis

innervated by superficial fibular nerve

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9
Q

muscles of posterior compartment of lower leg

A

Superficial compartment
-gastroc(medial and lateral)
-soleus

innervated by tibial nerve

deep compartment
-tibialis posterior
-FDL
-FHL
-popliteus

innervated by tibial nerve

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10
Q

Dorsal intrinsic foot muscles

A

-EDB
-EHB
-dorsal interossei

innervated by deep fibular nerve

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11
Q

First plantar layer foot muscles

A

-abductor hallucis
-FDB
-abductor digiti minimi

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12
Q

Second plantar layer foot muscles

A

-quadratus plantae
-4 lumbricals

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13
Q

Third plantar layer foot muscles

A

-ADDuctor hallucis
-FHB
-FDM

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14
Q

pronated vs supinated foot and general relationship w/ hip and knee

A

pronated foot
-more mobility and excessive IR at hip and knee

supinated foot
-more rigid and ER of the high and knee

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15
Q

FPI-6 findings

A

score >4
-abnormal pronated posture
-midfoot HYPERmobility
-decreased tibialis posterior strength
-IR position of LE

score < 0
-abnormal supinated posture
-midfoot HYPOmobility
-decreased fibularis longus/brevis strength
-ER position of LE

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16
Q

Normal gait criteria for foot/ankle

A

1st MTP joint ROM 65* extension at pre-swing

hindfoot/talocalcaneal ROM 4-6* eversion at loading response

talocrural joint DF ROM 10* at terminal stance

17
Q

Ottowa foot & ankle rules

A

-tenderness to navicular
-tenderness to base of 5th met
-tenderness to POSTERIOR aspect of malleoli or tip of malleolus
-unable to WB 4 steps immediatly after injury or in ER

18
Q

Best tests for medial ankle sprain

A

-anterior drawer in ER
-lateral talar tilt test
-kleiger test or DF/ER test

19
Q

best tests for high ankle sprain

A

squeeze test

20
Q

best tests for lateral ankle sprain

A

-reverse anterolateral drawer test
-anterolateral talar palpation test

21
Q

Differentiate sever’s disease from achilles tendonopathy

A

Sever’s disease
-children 8-15 years old
-calcaneal apophysitis
-pain w/ palpation DISTAL to achilles insertion
-very active OR overweight children

22
Q

differentiate calcaneal bone stress fracture vs achilles tendonopathy

A

-presents like Sever’s disease but does nto improve after several months

X-ray will not catch bone stress injuries until they are more progressed
MRI > bone scan are going to be most sensitive

23
Q

os trigonum syndrome

A

small ossicle posterior talus that normally fuses during development
-gets pinched in end range PF
-symptoms would be present there, causing limited PF and pain w/ end range PF
“dancers” are a likely population for it

posterior ankle impingement will have similar symptoms but no bony abnormality

24
Q

palpation for medial tibial stress syndrome

A

distal 2/3 of posteromedial tibia
-must have > 5cm consecutive tenderness

25
Q

differentiate chronic exertional compartment syndrome from MTTS

A

compartment syndrome w/ have neurovascular symptoms
-cramping, burning, paresthesias
-no reproduction of symptoms via palpation of tibia

26
Q

diagnosis for plantar heel pain

A

-1st step heel pain
-positive windlass test
-pain w/ prolonged activity

need to rule out baxter neuropathy and fat pad atrophy

OCS Exam (10 decks)

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