Foot and Ankle Flashcards
Biomechanical etiology for lack of heel-rise in patients with posterior tibial tendon dysfunction.
Failure of posterior tibial tendon to lock the transverse tarsal joints.
Transverse tarsal joints.
Calcaneocuboid and talonavicular joints.
Bones of the hindfoot.
Calcaneus, talus, cuboid.
Eponym of the tarsometatarsal joints.
Lisfranc joint.
Eponym of the transverse tarsal joints.
Chopart joint.
The first metatarsal bone bears ____% of the weight through the foot during gait.
50%
%-gait cycle in stance phase versus swing phase.
60% stance
40% swing
Definition of walking.
Period of double-limb support with always having one foot in contact with ground throughout gait cycle.
During swing phase the anterior tibialis contracts concentrically or eccentrically?
Concentrically.
During heel strike phase of gait the anteiror tibialis contract concentrically or eccentrically?
Eccentrically.
Coronal alignment of hindfoot during heel strike.
Everted (unlocked for energy absorption).
ABI of 1.3 or greater indicative of this.
Calcified vessels.
Toe pressure threshold predictive for healing.
Greater than 40 mmHg.
Transcutaneous oxygen pressure threshold predictive of healing.
Greater than 30 mmHg.
Most predictive sign for development of foot ulceration.
Neuropathy diagnosed with 5.07 Semmes-Weinstein monofilament exam.
Positive Mulder sign indicates this.
Interdigital neuroma.
How to perorm Mulder test.
Apply dorsal pressure to web space. Compress metatarsal heads. Poisitive test is audible click with radiating pain into affected toes.
Ankle anterior drawer test tests for this.
Stability of lateral ankle.
Ankle varus talar tilt test tests for this.
Stability of lateral ankle.
Ankle anterior drawer test evaluates competence of this ligament.
Anterior talofibular ligament.
Inversion of ankle in dorsiflexion evaluates this ligament.
Calcaneofibular ligament.
Purpose of Canale view of foot.
Talar neck view for fracture.
Purpose of Broden view of foot.
Subtalar joint visualization.
Normal hallux valgus angle.
Less than 15 degrees.
Normal first-second intermetatarsal angle.
Less than 9 deg.
Normal hallux valgus interphalangeus angle.
Less than 10 deg.
Normal distal metatarsal articular angle.
Less than 10 deg.
Hallux varus most likely caused by this.
Iatrogenic from hallux valgus surgery.
Surgical treatment of flexible hallux varus deformity.
EHB tenodesis.
Characteristic hammertoe deformity.
Flexion of the PIP joint.
Description of claw-toe deformity.
Flexion of PIP and DIP joints with hyperextended MTP joint.
Description of mallet toe deformity.
Isolated flexion deformity of the DIP joint.
Key component of crossover toe deformity.
Disruption of the plantar plate of MTP joint.
Radiographic characteristics of Freiberg disease
Resorption of central metatarsal bone adjacent to articular surface with flattening of MT head.
Turf toe.
Forced dorsiflexion resulting in avulsion of plantar plate off base of the phalanx and proximal migration of sesamoids.
Cock up deformity of the hallux results from this.
Excision of both sesamoids.
Medial sesamoidectomy may result in this ____, while lateral sesamoidectomy may result in this ____.
Hallux valgus
Hallux Varus
Morton neuroma commonly found here.
Between 3rd and 4th metatarsals.
Hindfoot varus deformity corrected with Coleman block test.
Fore-foot driven hindfoot varus.
Characterization and tx of grade I and II hallux rigidus.
Pain at extreme ROM only. Dorsal cheilectomy.
Most common cause of adult-acquired flatfoot deformity.
Posterior tibialis tendon dysfunction.
Primary dynamic support for the arch of the foot.
Posterior tibialis tendon.
Primary static stabilizer of the talonavicular joint.
Spring ligament.
Calcaneonavicular ligament.
Spring ligament.
Talo-first MT angle greater than ____ deg signifies pes planus.
4 deg.
Normal calaneal pitch.
17-32 deg.
Compression of the first branch of the lateral plantar nerve.
Baxter neuritis.
Grade I diabetic foot ulcer.
Localized superficial ulcer without tendon or bone involvement.
Grade II diabetic foot ulcer.
Deep ulcer with exposed tendon or joint capsule.
Grade III diabetic foot ulcer.
Exposed bone/osteomyelitis.
Most common location of Charcot arthropathy of foot.
Midfoot (type I).
Pathophysiology of diabetic ostemyelitis.
Continguous to open skin wound (hematogenous rare).
Other procedures necessary for Lisfranc amputation.
Peroneal tendon transfer to cuboid and Achilles lengthening.
Other procedures for Chopart amputation
Tib ant transfer to talus and achilles lengthening.
Metatarsal bone most common to have stress fracture.
2nd
2nd MT stress fracture classic in this population.
Amenorrheal dancers.
This artery carries the main supply to the talar body.
Artery of the tarsal canal.
