FOOT Flashcards
learn the foot
Extensor Digitorum Brevis (dorsum)
Origin: Calcaneus; interosseous talocalcaneal ligament; stem of inferior extensor retinaculum
Insertion: Long extensor tendons of four medial digits (toes 2-4)
Innervation: Deep fibular nerve (L5 or S2; or both)
Extensor Hallucis Brevis (dorsum)
Origin: Calcaneus, interosseous talocalcaneal ligament; stem of inferior extensor retinaculum
Insertion: Dorsal aspect of base of proximal phalanx of Great Toe
Innervation: Deep fibular nerve
Extensor Digitorum Brevis – ACTION
Aids the extensor digitorum longus in extending the four medial toes at the metatarsophlangeal and interphalangeal joints
Extensor Hallucis Brevis – ACTION
Aids the Extensor Hallucis Longus in extending the great toe at the metatarsophalangeal joint
Abductor Hallucis (1st layer)
Origin: medial tubercle of tuberosity of calcaneus; flexor retinaculum; plantar aponeurosis
Insertion: medial side of base of proximal phalanx of 1st digit
Innervation: medial plantar nerve (S2, S3)
Abductor Hallucis – ACTION
Abducts and flexes 1st digit
Flexor Digitorum Brevis (1st layer)
Origin: medial tubercle of tuberosity of calcaneus; plantar aponeurosis; inter muscular septa
Insertion: both sides of middle phalanges of lateral 4 digits
Innervation: Medial Plantar nerve (S2, S3)
Flexor Digitorum Brevis – ACTION
flexes lateral four digits
Abductor Digiti Minimi (1st layer)
Origin: medial and lateral tubercles of tuberosity of calcaneus; plantar aponeurosis; intermuscular septa
Insertion: lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit
Innervation: lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)
Quadratus Plantae (2nd layer)
origin: medial surface and lateral margin of plantar surface of calcaneus
Insertion: posterolateral margin of tendon of flexor digitorum longus
Innervation: lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)
Quadratus Plantae – ACTION
assists flexor digitorum longus in flexing lateral four digits
Lumbricals (2nd layer)
Origin: tendons of flexor digitorum longus
Insertion: medial aspect of expansion over lateral four digits
Innervation: medial one – medial plantar nerve (S2, S3)
lateral three – lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)
Lumbricals (ACTION)
Flex proximal phalanges, extend middle and distal phalanges of lateral four digits
Flexor Hallucis Brevis (3rd layer)
Origin: plantar surfaces of cuboid and lateral cuneiforms
Insertion: both sides of base of proximal phalanx of 1st digit
Innervation: medial plantar N (S2, S3)
Flexor Hallucis Brevis – ACTION
flexes proximal phalanx of 1st digit
Adductor Hallucis (3rd layer)
Origin: oblique head – bases of metatarsals 2-4; transverse head – plantar ligaments of metatarsophlangeal joints
Insertion: Tendons of both heads attach to lateral side of base proximal phalanx of 1st digit
Innervation: Deep branch of lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)
Adductor Hallucis – ACTION
adducts 1st digit; assists in transverse arch of foot by metatarsals medially
Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis (3rd layer)
Origin: Base of 5th metatarsal
Insertion: base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit
Innervation: Superficial branch of lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)
Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis – ACTION
Flexes proximal phalanx of 5th digit
PAD (4th layer)
Origin: Plantar aspect of medial sides of shafts of metatarsals 3-5
Insertion: Medial Sides of bases of phalanges of digits 3-5
Innervation: Lateral Plantar N (S2, S3)
PAD – ACTION
Adduct digits 3-5 and flex metatarsophalangeal joints
DAB (4th layer)
Origin: Adjacent side of shafts of metatarsals 1-5
Insertion: 1st – medial side of proximal phalanx of 2nd digit; 2-4 – lateral sides of 2nd-4th digits
Innervation: Lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)
DAB – ACTION
Abducts digits 2-4 and flex metatarsophalangeal joints
