Foot

Question 1

Joint between talus and calcaneus

Answer 1

subtalar

Question 2

Midtarsal articulation is?

Answer 2

2 joints: calcaneocuboid and talocalcaneonavicular

Question 3

Midtarsal joint is what kind of joint?

Answer 3

Synovial - therefore can invert through tibialis anterior and tibialis posterior

Question 4

What nerve allows inversion of the foot?

Answer 4

tibial and deep fibular nerves

Question 5

That which causes eversion?

Answer 5

fibularis muscles and both fibular nerves

Question 6

Tarsometatarsal joint is where?

Answer 6

between the cuneiforms/cuboid proximally and the metatarsals

Question 7

What type of joint is the MTP?

Answer 7

It is a synovial joint

Question 8

What does the MT joint allow for?

Answer 8

Flexion, extension, abduction, adduction and circumduction of the digits.

Question 9

The interphalangeal joint is?

Answer 9

Synovial hinge joint that allows for flexion and extension of the digits.

Question 10

Arches are supported by?

Answer 10

The plantar aponeurosis (thickened central area of plantar fascia) and the plantar ligaments.

Question 11

Name the arches of the foot

Answer 11

1) medial longitudinal arch
2) lateral longitudinal arch
3) transverse arch

Question 12

medial longitudinal arch is composed of?

Answer 12

the bones of the medial aspect of the foot (calcaneus, talus, navicular, 3 cuneiforms and metatarsals 1-3)

Question 13

how is the medial longitudinal arch supported?

Answer 13

it is supported by the flexor hallucis longus, the attachments of the tibialis anterior, and the fibularis longus

Question 14

Lateral longitudinal arch is composed of?

Answer 14

Calcaneus, cuboid, and metatarsals 4 & 5

Question 15

Lateral longitdunal arch is involved in?

Answer 15

Weight bearing

Question 16

Transverse arch is composed of?

Answer 16

Cuboid, cuneforms, and the bases of all 5 metatarsals.

Question 17

Transverse arch is supported by?

Answer 17

Fibularis longus and the tibialis posterior.

Question 18

How do the intrinsic muscles of the foot attach?

Answer 18

Proximally and distally within the foot as opposed to attaching proximally within the leg and then inserting in the foot.

Question 19

Where are the intrinsic muscles mainly located?

Answer 19

Compartments of the sole, where they are arranged in 3 layers, or between the metatarsals.

Question 20

What do the sole/interosseous muscles of the foot mainly do?

Answer 20

flexion and abduction/adduction of the digits.

Question 21

What 2 muscles extend the digits?

Answer 21

The 2 dorsal muscles

Question 22

Lymphatic drainage of the foot?

Answer 22

Accompany the great and small saphenous veins

Question 23

Dorsalis pedis artery facts

Answer 23

the bones of the medial aspect of the foot (calcaneus, talus, navicular, 3 cuneiforms and metatarsals 1-3)

Question 24

Medial and lateral plantar artery facts

Answer 24

• Branches of posterior tibial artery
• Both contribute to the deep plantar arch
• From the deep planter arch and the arcuate artery arise metatarsal arteries which branch into digital arteries (as in the hand, 4 digital arteries per toe)

Question 25

Describe the superficial veins of the foot

Answer 25

Dorsal venous arch giving rise to great (medially) and small (laterally) saphenous veins

Question 26

Describe the deep veins of the foot

Answer 26

Accompany the arteries of the foot and drain into the anterior and posterior tibial and the fibular veins (often small groups of veins accompanying the arteries rather than substantial, single, named vessels) that join to form the popliteal vein

Question 27

motor supply to the muscles of the sole is?

Answer 27

tibial nerve

Question 28

motor supply to the muscles of the dorsum is?

Answer 28

deep fibular nerve

Question 29

Sensory nerve supply to the dorsum is?

Answer 29

Mainly superficial fibular nerve with deep fibular nerve supplying the first interdigital cleft, sural nerve supplying the proximal lateral border and the saphenous nerve supplying the proximal medial border

Question 30

Sensory nerve supply to the plantar surface is?

Answer 30

Mainly tibial nerve to the heel and majority of sole (medial and lateral planter nerves) with sural nerve supplying the proximal lateral border and the saphenous nerve supplying the proximal medial border (borders as for the dorsum)