Foot Flashcards
What kV is used for a foot projection?
60-70kV
On an AP axial foot, there is equal spacing between the second through fifth metatarsals
True
What anatomy is included on an AP axial foot projection?
Phalanges, metatarsals, tarsals, talar neck, proximal calcaneus
On an AP axial foot, the medial-intermediate cuniform joint is open
True
On an AP axial foot projection, the joint between the first and second MT based is open
True
What angle is used for an AP axial foot projection?
10-15 degrees
What angle is needed for a patient with a lower arch
Lower angle
What angle is needed for a patient with a higher arch?
A higher angle
What will happen if an ankle is flexed less than 90 degrees, or extended?
Arch angle will increase
How do you assess inaccurate CR angulation?
•closed TMT joint spaces
•closed navicular-cuneiform joint space
How do you assses lateral rotation on an AP axial foot?
•MT based demonstrate increased superimposition
•medial and intermediate cuneiform joint is closed
•talus superimposes more than 1/3 of the calcaneus
How do you assess medial rotation on an AP axial foot?
•MT based will demonstrate decreased superimposition
•medial and intermediate cuneiform joint is closed
•talus superimposes less than 1/3 of calcaneus
Which way is a foot rotated for the oblique projection?
Medial
What does a correct AP oblique foot look like?
•cuboid-cuneiform joint space is open
•3rd-5th inter-metatarsal joint spaces are open
•Sinus tarsi is visualized
What anatomy is included in a AP oblique foot?
Phalanges, MTs, tarsals, calcaneus, soft tissue
What degree of obliquity is used for an AP oblique foot?
30-60 degrees
What is the centring for an AP axial and AP oblique foot?
3rd MT base
What degree of obliquity should be used for a low arch in an AP oblique?
Around 30 degrees
What degree of obliquity should be used for an AP oblique with a high arch?
Around 60 degrees
How do you identify insufficient rotation in an AP oblique?
• if the tubercle of the 4th MT is not superimposed on itself ( visible) there is insufficient obliquity
How do you identify excessive rotation of an AP oblique foot?
•the fifth proximal MT is superimposing the fourth MT tubercle
•fifth tuberosity is seen in profile
How do you identify a correct lateral foot?
•MT heads are superimposed
•talar domes are aligned
•posterior half of distal tibia superimposes the fibula
•tibio-talar joint space is open
Where is the anterior pretalar fat pad located?
Anterior ankle, anterior to distal tibia and talus
Where is the posterior pericapsular fat pad located?
Posterior ankle, above posterior calcaneus, posterior to talus
