Food supply key terms Flashcards
Agriculture
The production of food,animal and other goods by growing crops and rearing animals
GM crops
Crops that have genes from other plants or animals inserted into them to produce “better” versions
Green revolution
Movement which resulted in increased yields in developing countries
Conurbations
Extended urban area
Horticulture
Branch of agriculture that deals with the art,science and business of growing plants
TNCs example
- Cargill
- Dole
Management of food supply case studies
- North Korea
- India
Examples of regional food sources
Tesco Sainsbury’s Waitrose Asda Morrisons
Examples of local food sources
River ford, Devon
Leigh Court Farm, Abbots Leigh
What are the geopolitics of food?
- Food aid
- Trade
- TNCS
How is food aid a geopolitics of food?
Involves influencing recipient countries whilst riddling a developed country of surplus foodstuffs
How is trade a geopolitics of food?
Global trade is controlled by developed countries which protect their farmers which has impact on food supply
How is TNCs a geopolitics of food?
Transnational corporations have finances to buy land in LEDCs - used for the production of cash crops which impacts food supply
What are the impacts of global trade?
- Food Miles
- Due to changing consumer demands many foods now transported long distances.
- Contribution to climate change through carbon dioxide emissions
What is Entry Level Stewardship?
- 5 year agreement that aims to tackle countrywide environmental problems;
- Diffuse pollution
- Loss of biodiversity and landscape character
- Damage to the historic environment
What are the management options for entry level stewardship?
- Arable land
- Buffer strips:
- Boundary features
- Encouraging a range of crop types
What is Organic Entry Level Stewardship?
The same as ELS but farming also have to be organic - double pay
What is the Higher Level Stewardship?
- Fulfilling all the requirements of ELS
- Primary objective of resource protection
- Secondary objectives of historic conservation, flood protection and genetic conservation
What are the management options for Higher Level Stewardship?
- Historic environment
- Arable land
- Inter-tidal and coastal land
- Hedgerows
What are the changes in demand for food production?
Growing demand for high value food exports from developing countries
What are with problems with changes in demand for food production?
- Deforestation and land clearance for cash crops
- Use of chemicals can damage environment
- Distances foods are transported – food miles and contribution to climate change
What is organic produce?
- Crops grown or animals reared according to certain standards
- Very limited use of pesticides allowed and natural fertilisers used
What are the problems with organic produce?
- Yields are lower with organic produce - unsustainable?
- Produce is more expensive
- Labour costs per unit of land are much higher
What are the problems with agribusinesses?
- Distortion of local food sources - farmers grow to export
- TNCs take profits back to the MEDCs
- Wide scale use of pesticides and fertilisers.
