Food Provenance

Question 1

what is food provenance

Answer 1

Where food initially comes from.

Question 2

what are the two ways crops can be grown

Answer 2

intensively- using chemicals to achieve maximum yields

or
organically - using natural methods to grow food

Question 3

features of intensive farming

Answer 3

Uses methods that will produce the highest possible yield. production is often on a larger scale and with huge areas growing the same crop.

They often use large mechanical equipment to save time and cut down production costs.

Chemical fertilisers in order to supply nutrients to crops to active best growth and development

pesticides, insecticides, herbicides, fungicides are sprayed onto the the plants to artificially protect them form harmful insects and weeds that could affect their growth.

artificial substances could lead to possible pollution of rivers, harm wildlife, possible harmful effect on human health

Question 4

Features of organic farming

Answer 4

organ farming grows without artificial fertilisers and pesticides etc. they will instead use lady bugs to eat aphids.

Farmers often grow less and rotate crops/ soil to make sure soil is always fertile

organic manure or compost is added to soil so that plants have a natural fertiliser

however all these methods produce less crops and are more expensive.

Question 5

Advantages and disadvantages of organic?

Answer 5

Advantages- less use of artificial (chemical) pesticides, insecticides, herbicides going onto land so it is better for environment.

appeal more to customers that are concerned With consuming intensive farmed products.

crops are grown in a more sustainable way so it had less negative impacts on environment

Disadvantages- production is slower as they only use natural resources which may work less effectively.

its more expensive as higher production costs

There is a lower yield of crops

Question 6

what are genetically modified foods

Answer 6

Foods that have altered genes to give to useful characteristics such as improving its growth or changing its colours.

if more that 0.9 of foods genes/ genetic information has been altered it must be declared as GM

crops are modified by a
desirable gene from another crop being inserted into the other corp to modify it and improve it

Question 7

examples of genetic modification

Answer 7

maize has been genetically modified to become more pest resistant as a result there is a higher yield as less is being eaten by pests.

crops can become genetically modified so that it can become herbicide resistant and not die when other chemicals are applied.

Currently no GM crops in UK but some in USA - maize, soya bean, cotton

Question 8

advantages of genetic modification

Answer 8

Crops can be madero grow quicker to have a higher yield.

crops can be produced cheaper resulting in cheaper price for consumer.

crops can remade to ripen quicker so that more fresh food is available in any season/ withstand very hot or cold temperatures.

crops can be made to contain more nutrients preventing sever deficiencies

Crops can be made to have longer shelf life so that less is wasted

resist bad weather and help farmers by resetting common meant diseases

Question 9

Disadvantages of genetic modification

Answer 9

the long term effects of genetically modified foods on humans is not yet known as GM foods haven’t been around for very long.

GM crops genes can get Into environment interfering with natural habitat and creating weedkiller resistant weeds resulting in indestructible weeds.

GM crops are restricted by some countries such as countries within European Union.

Question 10

what are some consumer safety concerns about genetic modification.

Answer 10

That foods are becoming unnatural

all GM crops should be specifically labeled

animals that gave consumed GM foods should are not legible and should not be consumed.

GM foods should undergo strike safety assessments.

Question 11

what type of foods are grown

Answer 11

fruits, vegetables and cereals

Question 12

what types of food are reared and how can they be reared

Answer 12

meat and poultry- chicken, cow, pigs, lamb, duck. Through free range farming or intensive farming or organically.

Question 13

what type of foods are caught

Answer 13

fish

Question 14

what is the EU law about foods

Answer 14

Foods should be fully traceable meaning we should be able to track any food source at all of its stages.

production and processing - supply

Question 15

who can food be labelled as organic

Answer 15

when at least 95% of ingredients come from organic sources.

Question 16

what are the advantages and disadvantages of intensively reared/ farmed animals. and features.

Answer 16

intensive reared animals are typically mass produces, they are kept in close proximity and confinement, with little to o space to roam.

fead supplements and chemicals which encourage growth which can harm the animals health and well being, could also increase the risk of disease spreading.

limited movement also conserves animal energy for growth and requites less land- this means greater yield and less expenditure and more profit, the product would be cheaper for customers due to lower costs of production.

Question 17

guidelines of organically reared meat

Answer 17

free range - meaning they should have an adequate amount of land to roam and graze from - this encourages normal and natural behaviour of animals.

because they have more space diseases are less likely.

Animals should also have some shelter that protects them form bad wether and predators- but always a risk

severe weather could be damaging to the health of free range animals and more space is needed to accommodate which raises cost for producers and cost of meat.

the use f drugs and antibiotics in the rearing of organic animals is banned- they myst have a diet which is entirely organic. No artificial fertilisers or pesticides if grass.

Question 18

what does reared mean

Answer 18

animals that are raised and cared for

Question 19

what are free range eggs

Answer 19

eggs bought from chicken raised in larger cages which replace cramped battery cages, barn raised chickens or free range chickens.

free range chickens have access to outside area as well as shelter of barn.

Question 20

reasons for free range eggs

Answer 20

welfare of hens are improved by barn or free range rearing and some people think it tastes better. Most free range eggs are marked in an RSPCA assured label ( animal has been raised in accordance with certain standards)

Question 21

how can fish be caught

Answer 21

fish can be caught form wild or farmed

Question 22

different methods if catching fish

Answer 22

trawling is most common method of catching fish from wild, a large net is pulled along the bottom of the sea, some trawler boats will process fish on board others will process fish ashore.

Dredging is where metal cages and baskets are toed along the sea floor to catch shell fish,

long lining uses long fishing lines and baited hooks

traps and bots involve wire and wood cages with bait inside to lure sea creatures.

Question 23

what is overarming fish

Answer 23

farming fish to the point when more fish are caught than can be replaced by natural production

This could lead to fish becoming extinct
It also endangers many types of fish

Question 24

what fish are endangered by over fishing

Answer 24

tuna and cod populations are declining

Question 25

what is sustainable fishing and how is fishing becoming more sustainable?

Answer 25

Is when fish are caught in ways that do not damage the environment or endanger the species.

Across European Union Quotas were introduced that limit the number of fish that can be caught

net size is regulated so smaller unwanted fish can escape

The marine stewardship council provides label for fish that originate from sustainable fishers, providing the consumer with greater awareness.

Question 26

why is Fish farming bad

Answer 26

fish are raised in tanks however the environment becomes cramped and water if filled with pesticides and antibiotics causing diseases and parasites to spread and stay.

Question 27

what generates carbon footprint

Answer 27

primary processing, secondary processing, packaging and manufacturing generate a carbon footprint.

Question 28

what is C footprint

Answer 28

amount of CO2 released into atmosphere because of specific activity

Question 29

what is food miles

Answer 29

Distance food travels to where its produced, bought and eaten.

or form farm to fork

Question 30

why if food miles not great

Answer 30

in the uk many foods are imported form other countries- foods that we cannot grow ourselves at certain times of year or all year round.

If food comes form far away it ti high in food miles - a lot of energy has been used - some food goes to waste which can end up in land fills with further contributes to harmful gasses

garter distance - greater CO2

Question 31

How can food milage be reduced

Answer 31

by buying local foods to support local economy and food miles are low.

Growing own vegetables which reduces food milage even more

buying seasonal produce which is cheaper and has reduced food milage

Question 32

seasonal foods in UK

Answer 32

July - august - potatoes, runner beans, strawberries, radishes, spring onions, plumbs, raspberries, coriander, oregano i

December beetroot, Brussel sprouts, apples, pares, chestnuts

Question 33

Disadvantages of buying locally

Answer 33

lack of variety consumer has access to is reduced

limitation to how much consumer can purchase

Question 34

Benefits of buying locally

Answer 34

increase food bough form local produces and reduce food milage

support local economy

animal welfare as less stress on animals as they don not have to travel

fruits and vegetables maintain more vitamins and minerals that those which ache traveled large distances.

Question 35

benefits of buying seasonally

Answer 35

Cheaper as foods are in abundance and takes less materials such as (green house, artificial lighting, artificial pollination) to grow foods.