Food production and fish farming

Question 1

Where can ideal conditions for photosynthesis be artificially created?

Answer 1

Glass houses
Poly tunnels

Question 2

What are the ideal conditions that can be artificially created for photosynthesis?

Answer 2

-enclosed to keep plants free from pests and disease
-Control water supply
-artificial light to increase photosynthesis time
-Trap heat to keep plants warm and heaters
-Increase levels of CO2 with paraffin heaters

Question 3

Name three minerals,plants need to make important compounds like proteins

Answer 3

Nitrogen
Potassium
Phosphorus
(NPK)

Question 4

Sometimes important minerals are missing from the soil as they’ve been used by a previous crop. How can they be replaced?

Answer 4

Artificial fertilisers, which increases the crop yield

Question 5

Which pests need to be controlled to ensure your plants are damaged or destroyed?

Answer 5

Micro organisms
Insects
Mammals - rats, rabbits, deer

Question 6

What is a pesticide?

Answer 6

A form of chemical pest control

Question 7

What is biological control?

Answer 7

Using other organisms to reduce the numbers of pests either by encouraging wild organisms or adding new ones

Question 8

Name three types of helpful organisms used in biological control

Answer 8

Predators (ladybirds eat aphids)
Parasites (some flies lay eggs on slugs killing them)
Disease causing (bacteria that affects caterpillars)

Question 9

Name pros and cons of biological control

Answer 9

Pros - long lasting effect is less harmful to wildlife
Cons - eg cane toads introduced to Australia to eat beetles but now a pest themselves as they poison native species

Question 10

What is selective breeding?

Answer 10

Matt, the best organisms to get good offspring

Question 11

What are the benefits of selective breeding?

Answer 11

Maximum yield
Good health and disease resistance
In animals - temperament, speed, fertility, maternal skills
In plants - attractive Flowers, nice smell

Question 12

What is fish farming?

Answer 12

Fish farmed in cages in the sea

Question 13

What are benefits of fish farming?

Answer 13

Prevents over fishing of wild fish
Stops fish using too much energy swimming too far
Cage protects fish from predators
Controlled diet for maximum output
Special tanks ensures greatest survival of young
Can keep Big and Small fish separate to avoid intraspecific predation
Can be selectively bred

Question 14

What are the problems with fish Farming?

Answer 14

Fish kept in cages are more prone to disease and parasites. Sea lice can be killed with pesticides but that causes pollution so biological pest control can be used

Question 15

Where can freshwater fish be farmed?

Answer 15

In tanks or ponds